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      Is Open Access

      Alkali Burn Treated with 2% Rebamipide Ophthalmic Suspension: A Case Report

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          Abstract

          A 47-year-old man presented at the Ophthalmology Department of Saku City Asama General Hospital complaining of hyperemia and pain after industrial sodium hydroxide (approx. 40% concentration) had entered his left eye. With an epithelial defect of the bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva, ischemia of the inferior third of the limbal conjunctiva, a total corneal epithelial defect and mild corneal stromal opacity, the damage was determined as Roper-Hall grade III. 2% rebamipide ophthalmic suspension, which is used for dry eye disease, was administered 4 times a day followed by conventional treatment for serious alkali injury. The corneal epithelial defect was resolved, and there were no side effects. The effectiveness of 2% rebamipide ophthalmic suspension in both the repair and improvement of the damage in the conjunctival and corneal epithelia, and its anti-inflammatory effect suggest that it may be an effective treatment not only for dry eye disease but also for alkali ocular damage.

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          Most cited references14

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          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Thermal and chemical burns.

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            Cytokine expression in the alkali-burned cornea.

            This study investigated the cytokine expression profile in alkali-burned mouse corneas, in order to elucidate the mechanisms of corneal damage and repair. The cytokines expressed in alkali-burned corneas were identified by polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), then quantitated using ELISA. Based on the ELISA results, immunohistochemical analyses were performed to localize cytokine expression. Among the ten cytokines examined, IL-1 (IL-1 beta), IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-alpha mRNA were expressed in alkali-burned corneas. Quantitation revealed that IL-alpha and IL-6 were strongly induced in the early stages of alkali burn, peak production of IL-1 alpha (53.2 pg/cornea) and IL-6 (23.6 pg/cornea) occurring at days 3 and 7, respectively. The production of IL-10 and TNF-alpha was not significantly elevated during the 42 day period after burn. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that both IL-1 alpha and IL-6 were mainly localized in regenerating epithelial basal cells. IL-1 alpha and IL-6 levels in the cornea are dramatically elevated in the regenerated epithelium during the early stages of alkali burn, and may play an important role in associated corneal damage and repair.
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              Rebamipide increases the amount of mucin-like substances on the conjunctiva and cornea in the N-acetylcysteine-treated in vivo model.

              Rebamipide increases the amount of mucin-like substances in the stomach. We aimed to determine the effects of rebamipide on the amount of mucin-like substances in the conjunctiva and cornea of N-acetylcysteine-treated eyes. Furthermore, we attempted to evaluate the effects of rebamipide on the wound healing of N-acetylcysteine-treated eyes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                COP
                COP
                10.1159/issn.1663-2699
                Case Reports in Ophthalmology
                S. Karger AG
                1663-2699
                2014
                September – December 2014
                20 November 2014
                : 5
                : 3
                : 380-385
                Affiliations
                aDepartment of Ophthalmology, Asama General Hospital, Saku, and bDepartment of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
                Author notes
                *Hidenori Sasaki, Department of Ophthalmology, Asama General Hospital, 1862-1 Iwamurada, Saku, Nagano 385-8558 (Japan), E-Mail hide007@snow.plala.or.jp
                Article
                369201 PMC4342862 Case Rep Ophthalmol 2014;5:380-385
                10.1159/000369201
                PMC4342862
                25762927
                f4bab3f1-5517-461b-bdd3-5a7ea93d40be
                © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

                Open Access License: This is an Open Access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-NC) ( http://www.karger.com/OA-license), applicable to the online version of the article only. Distribution permitted for non-commercial purposes only. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 3, Pages: 6
                Categories
                Published: November 2014

                Vision sciences,Ophthalmology & Optometry,Pathology
                Roper-Hall classification,Alkali burn,2% rebamipide ophthalmic suspension

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