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      Metabolites Produced by an Endophytic Phomopsis sp. and Their Anti-TMV Activity

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          Abstract

          The fermentation and isolation of metabolites produced by an endophytic fungus, which was identified as Phomopsis sp. FJBR-11, based on phylogenetic analysis, led to the identification of six compounds, including dothiorelones A–C, and H, and cytosporones C and U. Among these compounds, cytosporone U exhibited potent inhibitory activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Moreover, the crude and a purified exopolysaccharide were proved to possess strong inhibitory effects against the virus infection.

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          Natural products from endophytic microorganisms.

          Gary Strobel, Bryn Daisy, Uvidelio Castillo … (2004)
          Endophytic microorganisms are to be found in virtually every plant on earth. These organisms reside in the living tissues of the host plant and do so in a variety of relationships ranging from symbiotic to pathogenic. Endophytes may contribute to their host plant by producing a plethora of substances that provide protection and ultimately survival value to the plant. Ultimately, these compounds, once isolated and characterized, may also have potential for use in modern medicine, agriculture, and industry. Novel antibiotics, antimycotics, immunosuppressants, and anticancer compounds are only a few examples of what has been found after the isolation and culturing of individual endophytes followed by purification and characterization of some of their natural products. The prospects of finding new drugs that may be effective candidates for treating newly developing diseases in humans, plants, and animals are great. Other applications in industry and agriculture may also be discovered among the novel products produced by endophytic microbes.
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            Endophytes: a rich source of functional metabolites.

            Kathrine R. Tan, W. Zou (2001)
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              DAMBE6: New Tools for Microbial Genomics, Phylogenetics, and Molecular Evolution

              Xuhua Xia (2017)
              Abstract DAMBE is a comprehensive software workbench for data analysis in molecular biology, phylogenetics, and evolution. Several important new functions have been added since version 5 of DAMBE: 1) comprehensive genomic profiling of translation initiation efficiency of different genes in different prokaryotic species, 2) a new index of translation elongation (ITE) that takes into account both tRNA-mediated selection and background mutation on codon–anticodon adaptation, 3) a new and accurate phylogenetic approach based on pairwise alignment only, which is useful for highly divergent sequences from which a reliable multiple sequence alignment is difficult to obtain. Many other functions have been updated and improved including PWM for motif characterization, Gibbs sampler for de novo motif discovery, hidden Markov models for protein secondary structure prediction, self-organizing map for nonlinear clustering of transcriptomic data, comprehensive sequence alignment, and phylogenetic functions. DAMBE features a graphic, user-friendly and intuitive interface, and is freely available from http://dambe.bio.uottawa.ca.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Molecules
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Molecules
                Journal ID (publisher-id): molecules
                Title: Molecules : A Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 1420-3049
                Publication date (Electronic): 27 November 2017
                Publication date Collection: December 2017
                Volume: 22
                Issue: 12
                Electronic Location Identifier: 2073
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide and Chemistry-Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; fjqzfph320@ 123456163.com (P.-H.F.); njc2130215001@ 123456163.com (J.-C.N.); raindy@ 123456fafu.edu.cn (F.G.)
                [2 ]Key Laboratory of Plant Virology of Fujian Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: tanqingwei@ 123456fafu.edu.cn (Q.-W.T.); fafuchenqijian@ 123456163.com (Q.-J.C.); Tel.: +86-187-5016-2780 (Q.-W.T.); +86-137-9930-8716 (Q.-J.C.)
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0273-0288
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9031-9944
                Article
                Publisher ID: molecules-22-02073
                DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122073
                PMC ID: 6149851
                PubMed ID: 29186928
                SO-VID: f4cdf50a-a8d4-4cc0-bff9-c74adec8ecf3
                Copyright © © 2017 by the authors.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 19 September 2017
                Date accepted : 25 November 2017
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                Keywords: phomopsis,dothiorelone,cytosporone,tobacco mosaic virus
                Data availability:
                Keywords: phomopsis, dothiorelone, cytosporone, tobacco mosaic virus

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