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      Applications of Gold Nanoparticles in Nanomedicine: Recent Advances in Vaccines †

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          Abstract

          Nowadays, gold is used in (nano-)medicine, usually in the form of nanoparticles, due to the solid proofs given of its therapeutic effects on several diseases. Gold also plays an important role in the vaccine field as an adjuvant and a carrier, reducing toxicity, enhancing immunogenic activity, and providing stability in storage. An even brighter golden future is expected for gold applications in this area.

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          A study of the nucleation and growth processes in the synthesis of colloidal gold

          John Turkevich, Peter Cooper Stevenson, James Hillier (1951)
          Article 0 comments Cited 1088 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Synthetic Nanoparticles for Vaccines and Immunotherapy.

            Darrell Irvine, Melissa C. Hanson, Kavya Rakhra … (2015)
            Article 0 comments Cited 237 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Vaccine delivery using nanoparticles

              Anthony Gregory, Richard W Titball, Diane Williamson (2013)
              Vaccination has had a major impact on the control of infectious diseases. However, there are still many infectious diseases for which the development of an effective vaccine has been elusive. In many cases the failure to devise vaccines is a consequence of the inability of vaccine candidates to evoke appropriate immune responses. This is especially true where cellular immunity is required for protective immunity and this problem is compounded by the move toward devising sub-unit vaccines. Over the past decade nanoscale size (<1000 nm) materials such as virus-like particles, liposomes, ISCOMs, polymeric, and non-degradable nanospheres have received attention as potential delivery vehicles for vaccine antigens which can both stabilize vaccine antigens and act as adjuvants. Importantly, some of these nanoparticles (NPs) are able to enter antigen-presenting cells by different pathways, thereby modulating the immune response to the antigen. This may be critical for the induction of protective Th1-type immune responses to intracellular pathogens. Their properties also make them suitable for the delivery of antigens at mucosal surfaces and for intradermal administration. In this review we compare the utilities of different NP systems for the delivery of sub-unit vaccines and evaluate the potential of these delivery systems for the development of new vaccines against a range of pathogens.
              Article 0 comments Cited 140 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Margaret A. Brimble CNZM, FRSNZ: Role: Academic Editor
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Molecules
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Molecules
                Journal ID (publisher-id): molecules
                Title: Molecules : A Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 1420-3049
                Publication date (Electronic): 22 May 2017
                Publication date Collection: May 2017
                Volume: 22
                Issue: 5
                Electronic Location Identifier: 857
                Affiliations
                Laboratório de Catálise e Materiais (LCM), Laboratório Associado LSRE-LCM, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; scarabin@ 123456fe.up.pt ; Tel.: +351-22-041-4907
                Author notes
                [†]

                Dedicated to the memory of my friend and colleague Dr. Andreea Catalina Gluhoi, a female gold researcher, who passed away too soon.

                Article
                Publisher ID: molecules-22-00857
                DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050857
                PMC ID: 6154615
                PubMed ID: 28531163
                SO-VID: f4d79693-f80b-4a73-85ea-045ee4692381
                Copyright © © 2017 by the author.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 24 April 2017
                Date accepted : 19 May 2017
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                Keywords: gold nanoparticles,vaccines,nanomedicine,cancer,aids,hepatitis b
                Data availability:
                Keywords: gold nanoparticles, vaccines, nanomedicine, cancer, aids, hepatitis b

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