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      Ecología trófica de los ostreros Haematopus palliatus pitanay (Murphy 1925) y Haematopus ater (Vieillot et Oudart 1825) en mantos del tunicado Pyura praeputialis (Heller 1878) en la Bahía de Antofagasta, Chile Translated title: Trophic ecology of the oystercatchers Haematopus palliatus pitanay (Murphy 1925) and Haematopus ater (Vieillot et Oudart 1825) on beds of the tunicate Pyura praeputialis (Heller 1878) in the Bay of Antofagasta, Chile

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          Abstract

          En Antofagasta, norte de Chile, coexisten dos especies de ostreros: Haematopus palliatus pitanay (ostrero blanco) y Haematopus ater (ostrero negro). Ambas especies depredan en un sistema rocoso intermareal peculiar cuya franja media se encuentra dominada por el tunicado Pyura praeputialis (= Pyura stolonifera bradleyi; <A HREF="#kott97">Kott 1997</A>). En la literatura se discute sobre las diferencias morfológicas del pico (largo y ancho) entre ambos tipos de ostreros. Dichas diferencias podrían segregar los roles de forrajeo de estas aves cuando comparten un mismo hábitat: los ostreros blancos atacarían preferentemente a presas de textura "blanda" y los ostreros negros atacarían presas de textura "dura" (i.e. cobertura calcárea). En este trabajo se consideró a P. praeputialis (piure de Antofagasta) como una presa de textura "blanda", ya que su tunica, compuesta por tunicina, es suave y flexible. En el estudio se comparan diversos aspectos ecológicos entre ambas especies de ostrero tales como: (a) abundancia de ostreros y de otras aves costeras que depredan sobre P. praeputialis, (b) distribución espacial de los ostreros en el manto de piure durante sus actividades de depredación, (c) tallas de piures preferidos, (d) tiempos de manipulación, (e) tasa de consumo y (f) frecuencia de consumo de otros invertebrados distintos del piure. Los resultados señalan a H. palliatus pitanay como la especie de ostrero que ataca con mayor frecuencia a P. praeputialis. Por otra parte, H. ater ataca con mayor frecuencia presas de textura "dura" como: lapas, caracoles, choritos, erizos

          Translated abstract

          At Antofagasta, northern Chile, two oystercatcher species coexist: the white oystercatcher, Haematopus palliatus pitanay and the black oystercatcher H. ater. Both species forage on an intertidal system where the middle fringe is dominated by the tunicate Pyura praeputialis (= Pyura stolonifera bradleyi; <A HREF="#kott97">Kott 1997</A>). According to the literature, differences in the morphology of their bills (length and width) segregate the foraging roles of white and black oystercatchers when the birds coexist in the same habitat. H. palliatus pitanay is best adapted for capturing soft bodied preys, while black oystercatcher H. ater attack "hard" preys (i.e. preys with calcareous shells). We consider here that the tunicate P. praeputialis as a soft bodied prey because the tunic, composed of tunicine, is soft and pliable. We compare ecological aspects between the two oystercatchers species in Antofagasta, such as: (a) abundance of oystercatchers and other coastal birds preying on P. praeputialis, (b) the spatial distribution of the oystercatchers in the Pyura bed during foraging periods, (c) Pyura size preferences of oystercatchers, (d) handling time, (e) consumption rate and (f) preference of other invertebrates prey items distinct from Pyura. The results show that H. palliatus pitanay attacks more frequently Pyura than H. ater, and that H. ater attacks more frequently "hard" preys such as: limpets, snails, mussels and sea urchins.

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          The economics of kleptoparasitism: optimal foraging, host and prey selection by gulls

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            Convergence of Ecological Processes Between Independently Evolved Competitive Dominants: A Tunicate-Mussel Comparison

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              A conceptual framework for ecological studies of coastal resources: An example of a tunicate collected for bait on Australian Seashores

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rchnat
                Revista chilena de historia natural
                Rev. chil. hist. nat.
                Sociedad de Biología de Chile (Santiago, , Chile )
                0716-078X
                September 2000
                : 73
                : 3
                : 533-541
                Affiliations
                [01] Santiago orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica de Chile orgdiv1 Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Chile jcastill@ 123456genes.bio.puc.cl
                Article
                S0716-078X2000000300017 S0716-078X(00)07300317
                10.4067/S0716-078X2000000300017
                f54f31e3-b4e4-478d-b5b3-c63d5313243c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 06 July 2000
                : 14 March 2000
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTICULOS

                ecología trófica,rocky intertidal,Pyura, trophic ecology,Haematopus,tunicate,oystercatchers,Chile,ostreros,tunicados,Pyura,intermareal rocoso

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