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      Static and dynamic functional connectivity supports the configuration of brain networks associated with creative cognition

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          Abstract

          Creative cognition is recognized to involve the integration of multiple spontaneous cognitive processes and is manifested as complex networks within and between the distributed brain regions. We propose that the processing of creative cognition involves the static and dynamic re-configuration of brain networks associated with complex cognitive processes. We applied the sliding-window approach followed by a community detection algorithm and novel measures of network flexibility on the blood-oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal of 8 major functional brain networks to reveal static and dynamic alterations in the network reconfiguration during creative cognition using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Our results demonstrate the temporal connectivity of the dynamic large-scale creative networks between default mode network (DMN), salience network, and cerebellar network during creative cognition, and advance our understanding of the network neuroscience of creative cognition.

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          Ror2 signaling regulates Golgi structure and transport through IFT20 for tumor invasiveness

          Signaling through the Ror2 receptor tyrosine kinase promotes invadopodia formation for tumor invasion. Here, we identify intraflagellar transport 20 (IFT20) as a new target of this signaling in tumors that lack primary cilia, and find that IFT20 mediates the ability of Ror2 signaling to induce the invasiveness of these tumors. We also find that IFT20 regulates the nucleation of Golgi-derived microtubules by affecting the GM130-AKAP450 complex, which promotes Golgi ribbon formation in achieving polarized secretion for cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, IFT20 promotes the efficiency of transport through the Golgi complex. These findings shed new insights into how Ror2 signaling promotes tumor invasiveness, and also advance the understanding of how Golgi structure and transport can be regulated.
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            "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician.

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              Spurious but systematic correlations in functional connectivity MRI networks arise from subject motion.

              Here, we demonstrate that subject motion produces substantial changes in the timecourses of resting state functional connectivity MRI (rs-fcMRI) data despite compensatory spatial registration and regression of motion estimates from the data. These changes cause systematic but spurious correlation structures throughout the brain. Specifically, many long-distance correlations are decreased by subject motion, whereas many short-distance correlations are increased. These changes in rs-fcMRI correlations do not arise from, nor are they adequately countered by, some common functional connectivity processing steps. Two indices of data quality are proposed, and a simple method to reduce motion-related effects in rs-fcMRI analyses is demonstrated that should be flexibly implementable across a variety of software platforms. We demonstrate how application of this technique impacts our own data, modifying previous conclusions about brain development. These results suggest the need for greater care in dealing with subject motion, and the need to critically revisit previous rs-fcMRI work that may not have adequately controlled for effects of transient subject movements. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                cmhuang@nctu.edu.tw
                Journal
                Sci Rep
                Sci Rep
                Scientific Reports
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2045-2322
                8 January 2021
                8 January 2021
                2021
                : 11
                : 165
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.412813.d, ISNI 0000 0001 0687 4946, Department of Sensor and Biomedical Technology, School of Electronics Engineering, , Vellore Institute of Technology, ; Vellore, Tamil Nadu India
                [2 ]GRID grid.260539.b, ISNI 0000 0001 2059 7017, Department of Biological Science and Technology, , National Chiao Tung University, ; Hsinchu, Taiwan
                [3 ]GRID grid.260539.b, ISNI 0000 0001 2059 7017, Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices (IDS2B), , National Chiao Tung University, ; Hsinchu, Taiwan
                [4 ]GRID grid.28665.3f, ISNI 0000 0001 2287 1366, Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Linguistics, , Academia Sinica, ; Taipei, Taiwan
                [5 ]GRID grid.412896.0, ISNI 0000 0000 9337 0481, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, , Taipei Medical University, ; Taipei, Taiwan
                [6 ]GRID grid.412090.e, ISNI 0000 0001 2158 7670, Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, , National Taiwan Normal University, ; Taipei, Taiwan
                [7 ]GRID grid.35030.35, ISNI 0000 0004 1792 6846, Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study, , City University of Hong Kong, ; Kowloon, Hong Kong
                [8 ]GRID grid.35030.35, ISNI 0000 0004 1792 6846, Department of Linguistics and Translation, , City University of Hong Kong, ; Kowloon, Hong Kong
                Article
                80293
                10.1038/s41598-020-80293-2
                7794287
                33420212
                f564a4fe-f8ea-4b2f-8a60-a7791467974d
                © The Author(s) 2021

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 14 April 2020
                : 8 December 2020
                Funding
                Funded by: Academia Sinica Thematic Research Program grant
                Award ID: AS-103- TP-C04
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004663, Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan;
                Award ID: 105-2420-H-009-001-MY2
                Award ID: 106-2410-H-001-024-MY2
                Award ID: 107- 2410-H-009-028-MY3
                Award ID: 108-2321-B-038-005-MY2
                Categories
                Article
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2021

                Uncategorized
                computational neuroscience,cognitive neuroscience
                Uncategorized
                computational neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience

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