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      Quantitative proteomics of plasma vesicles identify novel biomarkers for hemoglobin E/β-thalassemic patients

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          Key Points

          • Chaperones, antioxidants, iron-sequestering proteins, and cathepsin S exhibited increased abundance in thalassemic EVs.

          • Haptoglobin and hemopexin are reduced in thalassemic patients’ EVs, reflecting hemolysis. These could be used as clinical biomarkers.

          Abstract

          Hemoglobin E (HbE)/β-thalassemia has a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations that cannot be explained purely by its genetic background. Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) are one factor that likely contributes to disease severity. This study has explored the differences in protein composition and quantity between EVs from HbE/β-thalassemic patients and healthy individuals. We used tandem mass tag labeling mass spectrometry to analyze the EV proteins isolated from the plasma of 15 patients compared with the controls. To reduce biological variation between individuals, the EV proteins isolated from randomly assigned groups of 5 HbE/β-thalassemic patients were pooled and compared with 5 pooled age- and sex-matched controls in 3 separate experiments. Alpha hemoglobin–stabilizing protein had the highest fold increase. Catalase, superoxide dismutase, T-complex proteins, heat shock proteins, transferrin receptor, ferritin, and cathepsin S were also upregulated in thalassemic circulating EVs. Importantly, haptoglobin and hemopexin were consistently reduced in patients’ EVs across all data sets, in keeping with the existing hemolysis that occurs in thalassemia. The proteomic data analysis of EV samples isolated from 6 individual HbE/β-thalassemic patients and western blotting results corroborated these findings. In conclusion, we have successfully identified consistent alterations of protein quantity between EVs from HbE/β-thalassemic and healthy individuals. This work highlights haptoglobin, hemopexin, and cathepsin S as potential clinically relevant biomarkers for levels of hemolysis and inflammation. Monitoring of these plasma proteins could help in the clinical management of thalassemia.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Blood Adv
          Blood Adv
          bloodoa
          Blood Adv
          Blood Advances
          Blood Advances
          American Society of Hematology (Washington, DC )
          2473-9529
          2473-9537
          23 January 2018
          16 January 2018
          16 January 2018
          : 2
          : 2
          : 95-104
          Affiliations
          [1 ]Department of Transfusion Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand;
          [2 ]Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences, National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom;
          [3 ]School of Biochemistry and
          [4 ]Proteomics Facility, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom;
          [5 ]Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; and
          [6 ]National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit in Red Blood Cell Products, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
          Author information
          http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4395-9396
          Article
          PMC5787864 PMC5787864 5787864 2017/011726
          10.1182/bloodadvances.2017011726
          5787864
          29365317
          f566f821-fce1-43b6-a6d3-f02973760bfa
          © 2018 by The American Society of Hematology
          History
          : 17 August 2017
          : 16 December 2017
          Page count
          Pages: 10
          Categories
          20
          28
          Red Cells, Iron, and Erythropoiesis
          Custom metadata
          free

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