28
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Translocation a potential corridor for equine piroplasms in Cape mountain zebra ( Equus zebra zebra)

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Translocation of animals in fragmented habitats is an important means of dispersal and gene flow, however, the movement of animals has led to the spread of various diseases globally and wildlife are often the reservoirs of these diseases. Currently, Cape mountain zebra are translocated within South Africa as a management method for augmentation of isolated and fragmented populations. The movement of pathogens due to translocations in local regions have gone largely unchecked, particularly where there may still be isolated regions that can be negatively affected. Equine piroplasmosis is a tick-borne disease caused by Theilaria equi and/or Babesia caballi reported to occur in equids (Bhoora et al., 2010; Zweygarth et al., 2002). Here, the presence of T. equi and B. caballi was detected in 137 clinically healthy Cape mountain zebra from three South African reserves, Mountain Zebra National Park (MZNP), De Hoop Nature Reserve (DHNR) and Karoo National Park (KNP) using the multiplex EP real-time PCR (qPCR) assay. We observed 100% prevalence for T. equi and identified only one animal from MZNP with B. caballi. These results affirm that precautions should be taken prior to founding new populations of Cape mountain zebra and that potential farms and properties adjacent to prospective reserves should be screened for the presence of the organisms in order to mitigate risks of infection to domestic animals.

          Graphical abstract

          Highlights

          • Piroplasms are prevalent in 3 Nature reserves containing Cape mountain zebra.

          • Translocation of Cape mountain zebra leads to risk of spread of equine piroplasms.

          • Equids in adjacent areas to new populations of Cape mountain zebra are at risk of infection.

          Related collections

          Most cited references35

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: found
          Is Open Access

          A review of Theileria diagnostics and epidemiology

          Highlights • Serological and molecular assays exist for most economic important Theileria species. • Molecular assays are constantly being improved with regard to sensitivity and specificity. • The concept of what constitute a Theileria species impacts on accurate diagnostics. • Analytical specificity of molecular assays are >800 000 parasites/L blood. • Parasitemia ranges may determine practical limits of detection.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Equine piroplasmosis: a review.

            This review focuses on equine piroplasmosis with specific reference to its distribution, diagnosis and clinical and pathological signs. The more common used drugs are discussed both with reference to treatment and chemosterilization. Areas requiring further research are also briefly mentioned.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Vector ecology of equine piroplasmosis.

              Equine piroplasmosis is a disease of Equidae, including horses, donkeys, mules, and zebras, caused by either of two protozoan parasites, Theileria equi or Babesia caballi. These parasites are biologically transmitted between hosts via tick vectors, and although they have inherent differences they are categorized together because they cause similar pathology and have similar morphologies, life cycles, and vector relationships. To complete their life cycle, these parasites must undergo a complex series of developmental events, including sexual-stage development in their tick vectors. Consequently, ticks are the definitive hosts as well as vectors for these parasites, and the vector relationship is restricted to a few competent tick species. Because the vector relationship is critical to the epidemiology of these parasites, we highlight current knowledge of the vector ecology of these tick-borne equine pathogens, emphasizing tick transmissibility and potential control strategies to prevent their spread.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl
                Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl
                International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife
                Elsevier
                2213-2244
                25 April 2019
                August 2019
                25 April 2019
                : 9
                : 130-133
                Affiliations
                [a ]Research and Scientific Services, National Zoological Garden, South African National Biodiversity Institute, 232 Boom Street, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
                [b ]Department of Genetics, University of the Free State, 205 Nelson Mandela Drive, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
                [c ]Epidemiology, Parasites and Vectors, Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa
                Author notes
                []Corresponding author. Research and Scientific Services, National Zoological Garden, South African National Biodiversity Institute, 232 Boom Street, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa. d.dalton@ 123456sanbi.org.za
                Article
                S2213-2244(19)30036-7
                10.1016/j.ijppaw.2019.04.010
                6500921
                31080728
                f5ab7ae0-8be2-4aa0-b6fd-829ef8248a3b
                © 2019 The Authors

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 18 February 2019
                : 24 April 2019
                : 24 April 2019
                Categories
                Regular article

                cape mountain zebra,equus zebra zebra,translocation,piroplasm,babesia caballi,theilaria equi

                Comments

                Comment on this article