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      Mental illness stigma. A comparative cross-sectional study of social stigma, internalized stigma and self-esteem Translated title: El estigma de la enfermedad mental. Estudio comparativo transversal del estigma social, el internalizado y la autoestima

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to explore the role of stigma in different diagnoses of mental illness. A cross-sectional study (N = 255) was developed in two groups: users of a rehabilitation network for people with severe mental illness (Group-I) and people with common diagnoses in an ambulatory psychiatric service (Group-II). Internalized stigma, social stigma, self-esteem, and sociodemographic variables were measured. Mean comparisons, ANOVAs, and independent linear regression models were carried out. Similar overall scores were obtained for the internalized stigma, but Group-I reported more discrimination and resistance to stigma and also had less social stigma. The regression model for Group-I revealed social stigma and self-esteem as predictors, while in Group-II only self-esteem was significant. The study reveals differences in internalized stigma according to the care resource and diagnoses, suggesting different intervention lines and underlining the importance of further research on this topic.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio ha sido explorar el papel del estigma en los diferentes diagnósticos de la enfermedad mental. Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal (N = 255) en dos grupos: usuarios de una red de rehabilitación para personas con enfermedad mental grave (grupo I) y personas con diagnósticos comunes en un servicio psiquiátrico ambulatorio (grupo II). Se midió el estigma internalizado, el social, la autoestima y las variables sociodemográficas. Se llevaron a cabo comparaciones medias, ANOVA y modelos de regresión lineal independientes. Se obtuvieron puntuaciones generales similares para el estigma internalizado, pero el grupo I manisfestó más discriminación y resistencia al estigma y también menor estigma social. El modelo de regresión para el grupo I mostró como predictores el estigma social y la autoestima, mientras que en el grupo II sólo la autoestima era significativa. El estudio muestra diferencias en el estigma internalizado según el recurso de atención y los diagnósticos, lo que sugiere diferentes líneas de intervención y subraya la importancia de seguir investigando en este tema.

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          Most cited references40

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          Understanding the impact of stigma on people with mental illness.

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            Correlates and consequences of internalized stigma for people living with mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

            An expansive body of research has investigated the experiences and adverse consequences of internalized stigma for people with mental illness. This article provides a systematic review and meta-analysis of the extant research regarding the empirical relationship between internalized stigma and a range of sociodemographic, psychosocial, and psychiatric variables for people who live with mental illness. An exhaustive review of the research literature was performed on all articles published in English that assessed a statistical relationship between internalized stigma and at least one other variable for adults who live with mental illness. In total, 127 articles met the inclusion criteria for systematic review, of which, data from 45 articles were extracted for meta-analyses. None of the sociodemographic variables that were included in the study were consistently or strongly correlated with levels of internalized stigma. The review uncovered a striking and robust negative relationship between internalized stigma and a range of psychosocial variables (e.g., hope, self-esteem, and empowerment). Regarding psychiatric variables, internalized stigma was positively associated with psychiatric symptom severity and negatively associated with treatment adherence. The review draws attention to the lack of longitudinal research in this area of study which has inhibited the clinical relevance of findings related to internalized stigma. The study also highlights the need for greater attention on disentangling the true nature of the relationship between internalized stigma and other psychosocial variables. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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              Stigma as a Barrier to Recovery: The Consequences of Stigma for the Self-Esteem of People With Mental Illnesses

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                clinsa
                Clínica y Salud
                Clínica y Salud
                Colegio Oficial de la Psicología de Madrid (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1130-5274
                2174-0550
                2022
                : 33
                : 2
                : 59-64
                Affiliations
                [02] Madrid orgnameUniversidad Cardenal Cisneros orgdiv1CRPS Martínez Campos Spain
                [01] Madrid Madrid orgnameUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Spain
                Article
                S1130-52742022000200002 S1130-5274(22)03300200002
                10.5093/clysa2021a16
                f5c7ef74-2756-4723-9c6e-c65ea8c98432

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 20 April 2021
                : 29 September 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 40, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Research Article

                Ansiedad,Depresión,Psicosis,Enfermedad mental grave,Autoestima,Estigma social,Estigma internalizado,Anxiety,Depression,Psychosis,Severe mental illness,Self-esteem,Social stigma,Internalized stigma

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