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      Informe de un caso de infección por coronavirus en un trasplantado renal Translated title: Report of a case of coronavirus infection in a renal transplant recipient

      case-report

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción: La infección por coronavirus favorece el desarrollo de alteraciones respiratorias. En trasplantados renales el pronóstico de la neumonía por SARS-CoV-2 puede ser diferente al resto de la población. Muchos pacientes trasplantados tienen de base linfopenia inducida por fármacos, por lo que la detección y el tratamiento precoz son determinantes en este grupo de población. Presentación del caso: Varón de 50 años con ERC no filiada, trasplantado renal en 2016 que acudió a urgencias por fiebre de 38ºC, tos, rinorrea, diarrea con pérdida de peso y molestia en injerto renal en fosa iliaca derecha. Se diagnosticó de COVID-19 positivo tras realización de placa de tórax y PCR SARS-CoV-2. Ingresó en nuestra unidad de trasplante renal. Plan de cuidados: Se realizó una valoración inicial mediante los patrones funcionales de Gordon. Posteriormente identificamos Diagnósticos de Enfermería según la taxonomía NANDA con sus correspondientes criterios de resultados e intervenciones. Evaluación del plan: Tras la realización de las intervenciones y la evaluación de los indicadores de resultados observamos una disminución de la temperatura corporal y de la dificultad respiratoria con mejoría en el patrón respiratorio. En cuanto a la función renal, no se ha visto significativamente alterada a pesar de la retirada temporal de la inmunosupresión. Conclusión: El paciente se fue de alta con una función renal similar a la previa y con la inmunosupresión reintroducida. Se lograron los objetivos planteados dejando patente que el papel de enfermería ha sido fundamental en el proceso de recuperación y afrontamiento de la enfermedad.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction: Coronavirus infection favours the development of respiratory disorders. In kidney transplant patients, the prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia may be different from the rest of the population. Many transplant patients have drug-induced lymphopenia, so early detection and treatment are crucial in this population group. Case description: A 50-year-old man with unknown CKD and a kidney transplant in 2016 who came to the emergency room due to fever of 38ºC, cough, rhinorrhea, diarrhea with weight loss and discomfort in a kidney graft in the right iliac fossa. He was diagnosed with COVID-19 positive after performing a chest X-ray and SARS-CoV-2 PCR. He was admitted to our kidney transplant unit. Description of the care plan: An initial assessment was made using Gordon’s functional patterns. Subsequently, we identify Nursing Diagnoses according to the NANDA taxonomy with their corresponding outcome and intervention criteria. Evaluation of the care plan: After carrying out the interventions and evaluating the outcome indicators, we observed a decrease in body temperature and respiratory distress with improvement in the respiratory pattern. Regarding renal function, it has not been significantly altered despite the temporary withdrawal of immunosuppression. Conclusion: The patient is discharged with a renal function similar to the previous one and with reintroduced immunosuppression. The objectives set were achieved, making it clear that the role of nursing has been vital in the process of recovery and coping with the disease.

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          Most cited references12

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          Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China

          In December 2019, novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-infected pneumonia (NCIP) occurred in Wuhan, China. The number of cases has increased rapidly but information on the clinical characteristics of affected patients is limited.
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            First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States

            Summary An outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) that began in Wuhan, China, has spread rapidly, with cases now confirmed in multiple countries. We report the first case of 2019-nCoV infection confirmed in the United States and describe the identification, diagnosis, clinical course, and management of the case, including the patient’s initial mild symptoms at presentation with progression to pneumonia on day 9 of illness. This case highlights the importance of close coordination between clinicians and public health authorities at the local, state, and federal levels, as well as the need for rapid dissemination of clinical information related to the care of patients with this emerging infection.
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              Clinical characteristics of refractory COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China

              Abstract Background Since December 2019, novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)-infected pneumonia (COVID-19) occurred in Wuhan, and rapidly spread throughout China. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of patients with refractory COVID-19. Methods In this retrospective single-center study, we included 155 consecutive patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from January 1st to February 5th. The cases were divided into general and refractory COVID-19 groups according to the clinical efficacy after hospitalization, and the difference between groups were compared. Results Compared with general COVID-19 patients (45.2%), refractory patients had an older age, male sex, more underlying comorbidities, lower incidence of fever, higher levels of maximum temperature among fever cases, higher incidence of breath shortness and anorexia, severer disease assessment on admission, high levels of neutrophil, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and C-reactive protein, lower levels of platelets and albumin, and higher incidence of bilateral pneumonia and pleural effusion (P<0.05). Refractory COVID-19 patients were more likely to receive oxygen, mechanical ventilation, expectorant, and adjunctive treatment including corticosteroid, antiviral drugs and immune enhancer (P<0.05). After adjustment, those with refractory COVID-19 were also more likely to have a male sex and manifestations of anorexia and fever on admission, and receive oxygen, expectorant and adjunctive agents (P<0.05) when considering the factors of disease severity on admission, mechanical ventilation, and ICU transfer. Conclusion Nearly 50% COVID-19 patients could not reach obvious clinical and radiological remission within 10 days after hospitalization. The patients with male sex, anorexia and no fever on admission predicted poor efficacy.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                enefro
                Enfermería Nefrológica
                Enferm Nefrol
                Sociedad Española de Enfermería Nefrológica (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                2254-2884
                2255-3517
                September 2020
                : 23
                : 3
                : 294-302
                Affiliations
                [1] Madrid orgnameHospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón orgdiv1Servicio de Nefrología Spain
                Article
                S2254-28842020000300009 S2254-2884(20)02300300009
                10.37551/s2254-28842020031
                f60c3c77-1795-4cbe-8832-dea73cb16c0a

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 05 August 2020
                : 30 August 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 13, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Casos Clínicos

                kidney transplantation,trasplante renal,inmunosupresores,coronavirus,Coronavirus,immunosuppressants,acute rejection,rechazo agudo

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