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      Nomenclature: how do we designate NPP taxa?

      1 , 2 , 3
      Geological Society, London, Special Publications
      Geological Society of London

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          Abstract

          Identification and naming of fossil and subfossil organisms are not easy tasks. We are in the midst of a paradigm shift in how NPP taxa are named, driven in large part by (1) molecular clock taxonomic efforts in the past 25 years and (2) greater connectivity among scientific communities. Concurrent with this is the understanding that sometimes a name is not necessary, and identifying acronyms, pending further taxonomic work, or where fragmentary or synapomorphic remains cannot be assigned to their original taxon, are sufficient. The overarching goal of the paradigm shift is to maintain stability of the code and avoid increasing the number of names that refer to single taxa. The history and current state of nomenclature for non-pollen palynomorphs groups, highlighting recent developments with dinoflagellates and fungi, is given, and recommendations for a unified approach to NPP nomenclature through geological time are made.

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          The new higher level classification of eukaryotes with emphasis on the taxonomy of protists.

          This revision of the classification of unicellular eukaryotes updates that of Levine et al. (1980) for the protozoa and expands it to include other protists. Whereas the previous revision was primarily to incorporate the results of ultrastructural studies, this revision incorporates results from both ultrastructural research since 1980 and molecular phylogenetic studies. We propose a scheme that is based on nameless ranked systematics. The vocabulary of the taxonomy is updated, particularly to clarify the naming of groups that have been repositioned. We recognize six clusters of eukaryotes that may represent the basic groupings similar to traditional "kingdoms." The multicellular lineages emerged from within monophyletic protist lineages: animals and fungi from Opisthokonta, plants from Archaeplastida, and brown algae from Stramenopiles.
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            International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants

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              Is Open Access

              Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes

              Abstract This revision of the classification of eukaryotes follows that of Adl et al., 2012 [J. Euk. Microbiol. 59(5)] and retains an emphasis on protists. Changes since have improved the resolution of many nodes in phylogenetic analyses. For some clades even families are being clearly resolved. As we had predicted, environmental sampling in the intervening years has massively increased the genetic information at hand. Consequently, we have discovered novel clades, exciting new genera and uncovered a massive species level diversity beyond the morphological species descriptions. Several clades known from environmental samples only have now found their home. Sampling soils, deeper marine waters and the deep sea will continue to fill us with surprises. The main changes in this revision are the confirmation that eukaryotes form at least two domains, the loss of monophyly in the Excavata, robust support for the Haptista and Cryptista. We provide suggested primer sets for DNA sequences from environmental samples that are effective for each clade. We have provided a guide to trophic functional guilds in an appendix, to facilitate the interpretation of environmental samples, and a standardized taxonomic guide for East Asian users.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
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                Journal
                Geological Society, London, Special Publications
                Geological Society, London, Special Publications
                Geological Society of London
                0305-8719
                2041-4927
                September 21 2021
                2021
                2021
                April 15 2021
                : 511
                : 1
                : 77-89
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Physics, Earth Science, and Space Systems Engineering, Morehead State University, Morehead, KY 40351, USA
                [2 ]Laboratorio de Geología de Llanuras (CICyTTP-Prov. ER-UADER-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos, Sede Diamante, Argentina
                [3 ]CERZOS-UNS, CONICET-CCT Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga km 7, Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aries, B8000FWB, Argentina
                Article
                10.1144/SP511-2020-119
                f66ceb97-f67d-4e2f-bf95-7f68b8426b35
                © 2021
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