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      Local variance of atmospheric 14C concentrations around Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant from 2010 to 2012

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          Abstract

          Radiocarbon ( 14C) has been measured in single tree ring samples collected from the southwest of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant. Our data indicate south-westwards dispersion of radiocarbon and the highest 14C activity observed so far in the local environment during the 2011 accident. The abnormally high 14C activity in the late wood of 2011 ring may imply an unknown source of radiocarbon nearby after the accident. The influence of 14C shrank from 30 km during normal reactor operation to 14 km for the accident in the northwest of FDNPP, but remains unclear in the southwest.

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          Comparison of the Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear accidents: a review of the environmental impacts.

          Georg Steinhauser, Alexander Brandl, Thomas E Johnson (2014)
          The environmental impacts of the nuclear accidents of Chernobyl and Fukushima are compared. In almost every respect, the consequences of the Chernobyl accident clearly exceeded those of the Fukushima accident. In both accidents, most of the radioactivity released was due to volatile radionuclides (noble gases, iodine, cesium, tellurium). However, the amount of refractory elements (including actinides) emitted in the course of the Chernobyl accident was approximately four orders of magnitude higher than during the Fukushima accident. For Chernobyl, a total release of 5,300 PBq (excluding noble gases) has been established as the most cited source term. For Fukushima, we estimated a total source term of 520 (340-800) PBq. In the course of the Fukushima accident, the majority of the radionuclides (more than 80%) was transported offshore and deposited in the Pacific Ocean. Monitoring campaigns after both accidents reveal that the environmental impact of the Chernobyl accident was much greater than of the Fukushima accident. Both the highly contaminated areas and the evacuated areas are smaller around Fukushima and the projected health effects in Japan are significantly lower than after the Chernobyl accident. This is mainly due to the fact that food safety campaigns and evacuations worked quickly and efficiently after the Fukushima accident. In contrast to Chernobyl, no fatalities due to acute radiation effects occurred in Fukushima. © 2013.
          Article 0 comments Cited 153 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Preliminary Estimation of Release Amounts of131I and137Cs Accidentally Discharged from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Atmosphere

            Masamichi Chino, Hiromasa NAKAYAMA, Haruyasu Nagai … (2011)
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              Assessment of individual radionuclide distributions from the Fukushima nuclear accident covering central-east Japan.

              N Kinoshita, K Sueki, K Sasa … (2011)
              A tremendous amount of radioactivity was discharged because of the damage to cooling systems of nuclear reactors in the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant in March 2011. Fukushima and its adjacent prefectures were contaminated with fission products from the accident. Here, we show a geographical distribution of radioactive iodine, tellurium, and cesium in the surface soils of central-east Japan as determined by gamma-ray spectrometry. Especially in Fukushima prefecture, contaminated area spreads around Iitate and Naka-Dori for all the radionuclides we measured. Distributions of the radionuclides were affected by the physical state of each nuclide as well as geographical features. Considering meteorological conditions, it is concluded that the radioactive material transported on March 15 was the major contributor to contamination in Fukushima prefecture, whereas the radioactive material transported on March 21 was the major source in Ibaraki, Tochigi, Saitama, and Chiba prefectures and in Tokyo.
              Article 0 comments Cited 92 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Biying Chen:
                ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2269-0618
                b.chen.1@research.gla.ac.uk
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Radioanal Nucl Chem
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Radioanal Nucl Chem
                Title: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry
                Publisher: Springer Netherlands (Dordrecht )
                ISSN (Print): 0236-5731
                ISSN (Electronic): 1588-2780
                Publication date (Electronic): 8 September 2017
                Publication date PMC-release: 8 September 2017
                Publication date (Print): 2017
                Volume: 314
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 1001-1007
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000 0000 9762 0345, GRID grid.224137.1, Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC), ; East Kilbride, G75 0QF UK
                [2 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1761 2484, GRID grid.33763.32, Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, , Tianjin University, ; Tianjin, 300072 China
                [3 ]GRID grid.443549.b, Faculty of Symbiotic Systems Science, , Fukushima University, ; Fukushima, 960-1296 Japan
                [4 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2181 8870, GRID grid.5170.3, Center for Nuclear Technologies, , Technical University of Denmark, ; 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2269-0618
                Article
                Publisher ID: 5459
                DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5459-8
                PMC ID: 5658471
                SO-VID: f68ef95c-6681-4a31-bf34-6eeb8e10e621
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2017
                License:

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

                History
                Date received : 15 June 2017
                Categories
                Subject: Article
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2017

                Keywords: tree rings,radiocarbon,fukushima nuclear reactor accident
                Data availability:
                Keywords: tree rings, radiocarbon, fukushima nuclear reactor accident

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