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      Partial characterization of antagonistic substance produced by a Clostridium butyricum strain Translated title: Caracterização parcial de substância antagonista produzida por uma amostra de Clostridium butyricum

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          Abstract

          The production of antagonistic substance by bacterium present in the infected root canal system (RCS) probably is an important ecological factor for its successful colonization of the local. The objective of this study was to partially characterize an antagonistic substance produced by a Clostridium butyricum isolated from infected RCS.Production of inhibitory compound was evaluated by the agar double layer diffusion technique using Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bifidobacterium adolescentis as indicator bacteria. The physicochemical and biochemical factors tested for the partial characterization were influence of pH and temperature and susceptibility to the action of some proteolytic enzymes. An inhibition zone was observed against the two indicator strains and acidity and bacteriophage were rejected as responsible for this phenomenon. The inhibitory activity showed to be decreasing in a pH range from 3.5 to 6.5 and being stable at temperatures of 60º, 70º and 100ºC, but completely inactivated when exposed at 121ºC. The antagonistic activity was resistant to the proteolytic action of trypsin, a-chymotrypsin and papain. An antagonistic substance was produced by C. butyricum, which was thermo-resistant and probably of non-protein nature.

          Translated abstract

          A produção de substâncias antagonistas por espécies bacterianas presentes em sistema de canais radiculares (SCR) infectados, tem um papel importante na colonização deste sítio. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar parcialmente a substância antagonista produzida por amostra de Clostridium butyricum isolado de SCR infectados.A produção de substância antagonista foi avaliada pela técnica de difusão em ágar utilizando como bactérias indicadoras Fusobacterium nucleatum e Bifidobacterium adolescentis. Os parâmetros físico-químicos utilizados durante a caracterização parcial foram: pH, estabilidade térmica, susceptibilidade à ação das enzimas tripsina, a-quimiotripsina e papaína. Foi observada zona de inibição contra as duas amostras indicadoras e ainda foi demonstrado que ácidos e bacteriófagos não eram responsáveis por este fenômeno. A atividade inibitória mostrou-se diminuída em uma faixa de pH de 3.5 a 6.5 e estável em temperaturas de 60º, 70º e 100ºC, sendo completamente inativada quando exposta a 121ºC. A atividade antagonista foi resistente à ação das enzimas proteolíticas: tripsina, a-quimiotripsina e papaína. A substância antagonista produzida por C. butyricum é termoresistente e provavelmente de natureza não protéica.

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          Taxonomy, ecology, and pathogenicity of the root canal flora.

          The bacteria present in infected root canals include a restricted group of species compared with the total flora of the oral cavity. Conditions exist in the root canal that permit the growth of anaerobic bacteria capable of fermenting amino acids and peptides, whereas bacteria that mainly obtain energy by fermenting carbohydrates are restricted by lack of available nutrients. During the course of infection interrelationships develop between microbial species and population shifts are produced as a result of these interactions. Strong associations between certain species are present. These associations are most likely based on nutritional demands and nutritional relationships. The pathogenicity of the polymicrobial root canal flora is dependent on bacterial synergy.
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            Antimicrobial substances from lactic acid bacteria for use as food preservatives

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              Effect of red blood cells on the growth of Porphyromonas endodontalis and microbial community development.

              Establishment of a microbial community in the root canal system depends on numerous factors, of which nutrient availability may be one of the most important. We hypothesized that the presence of red blood cells or hemoglobin in this environment could cause shifts in microbial composition of communities, resulting in organisms such as Porphyromonas endodontalis becoming more dominant. An in vitro model system using mixed, batch cultures was performed with the bacteria P. endodontalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Peptostreptococcus micros and Campylobacter rectus. Bacteria were cultured in media with or without the addition of washed red blood cells, hemoglobin, or serum. Cyclic growth studies revealed that P. endodontalis was lost from the community of organisms after three cycles. However, inclusion of red blood cells resulted in establishment of this organism. Moreover, red blood cells added to pure cultures of P. endodontalis substantially enhanced growth and protected the organisms from oxygen. We conclude that the presence of red blood cells could result in shifts of microbial communities of organisms within the root canal system.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                bjm
                Brazilian Journal of Microbiology
                Braz. J. Microbiol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia (São Paulo )
                1678-4405
                June 2007
                : 38
                : 2
                : 265-269
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil
                Article
                S1517-83822007000200014
                10.1590/S1517-83822007000200014
                f69d1533-42e3-40d6-ae31-686e387b89fd

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1517-8382&lng=en
                Categories
                MICROBIOLOGY

                Microbiology & Virology
                Bifidobacterium adolescentis,antagonismo,sistema de canais radiculares,Clostridium butyricum,root canal system,Fusobacterium nucleatum,antagonism

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