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      Análisis comparativo de instrumentos destinados a la evaluación del acoso escolar Translated title: A comparative analysis of bullying assessment instruments

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          Abstract

          El aumento en la incidencia del acoso escolar justifica la creciente necesidad de contar con instrumentos fiables para su evaluación. Este estudio presenta un análisis comparativo de 9 cuestionarios de detección del acoso escolar destinados a alumnos del último ciclo de Educación Primaria y adolescentes. Se realizaron tres análisis diferenciados para detectar tanto las fortalezas y debilidades de los cuestionarios que componían la muestra, como las tipologías y manifestaciones de acoso evaluadas con mayor frecuencia. Los resultados muestran que el acoso físico y el verbal son los evaluados con mayor frecuencia, y que las manifestaciones más evaluadas se relacionan con agresiones físicas o verbales, humillación pública, invasión de intimidad y coacción. Asimismo, el análisis de fortalezas y debilidades revela la necesidad de considerar a los distintos agentes pertenecientes al contexto de acoso evaluado. Este estudio ofrece una perspectiva global a orientadores y psicólogos educativos, útil para detectar el acoso escolar.

          Translated abstract

          The increase in the incidence of bullying justifies the growing need for reliable instruments for its assessment. This study presents a comparative analysis of 9 questionnaires for the detection of school bullying aimed at pupils in the last stage of primary education and adolescents. Three different analyses were carried out to detect both the strengths and weaknesses of the questionnaires that made up the sample, as well as the typologies and manifestations of bullying most frequently evaluated. The results show that physical and verbal harassment are the most frequently evaluated, and that the most evaluated manifestations are related to physical or verbal aggression, public humiliation, invasion of intimacy, and coercion. Likewise, the analysis of strengths and weaknesses reveals the need to consider the different agents pertaining to the context of harassment assessed. This study offers a global perspective to counselors and educational psychologists, useful for the detection of bullying.

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          Most cited references50

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          Structural validation and cross-cultural robustness of the European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire

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            Cyberbullying assessment instruments: A systematic review

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              Technological Resources to Prevent Cyberbullying During Adolescence: The Cyberprogram 2.0 Program and the Cooperative Cybereduca 2.0 Videogame

              Bullying and cyberbullying have serious consequences for all those involved, especially the victims, and its prevalence is high throughout all the years of schooling, which emphasizes the importance of prevention. This article describes an intervention proposal, made up of a program (Cyberprogram 2.0 Garaigordobil and Martínez-Valderrey, 2014a) and a videogame (Cooperative Cybereduca 2.0 Garaigordobil and Martínez-Valderrey, 2016b) which aims to prevent and reduce cyberbullying during adolescence and which has been validated experimentally. The proposal has four objectives: (1) To know what bullying and cyberbullying are, to reflect on the people involved in these situations; (2) to become aware of the harm caused by such behaviors and the severe consequences for all involved; (3) to learn guidelines to prevent and deal with these situations: know what to do when one suffers this kind of violence or when observing that someone else is suffering it; and (4) to foster the development of social and emotional factors that inhibit violent behavior (e.g., communication, ethical-moral values, empathy, cooperation…). The proposal is structured around 25 activities to fulfill these goals and it ends with the videogame. The activities are carried out in the classroom, and the online video is the last activity, which represents the end of the intervention program. The videogame (www.cybereduca.com) is a trivial pursuit game with questions and answers related to bullying/cyberbullying. This cybernetic trivial pursuit is organized around a fantasy story, a comic that guides the game. The videogame contains 120 questions about 5 topics: cyberphenomena, computer technology and safety, cybersexuality, consequences of bullying/cyberbullying, and coping with bullying/cyberbullying. To evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention, a quasi-experimental design, with repeated pretest-posttest measures and control groups, was used. During the pretest and posttest stages, 8 assessment instruments were administered. The experimental group randomly received the intervention proposal, which consisted of one weekly 1-h session during the entire school year. The results obtained with the analyses of variance of the data collected before and after the intervention in the experimental and control groups showed that the proposal significantly promoted the following aspects in the experimental group: (1) a decrease in face-to-face bullying and cyberbullying behaviors, in different types of school violence, premeditated and impulsive aggressiveness, and in the use of aggressive conflict-resolution strategies; and (2) an increase of positive social behaviors, self-esteem, cooperative conflict-resolution strategies, and the capacity for empathy. The results provide empirical evidence for the proposal. The importance of implementing programs to prevent bullying in all its forms, from the beginning of schooling and throughout formal education, is discussed.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                pappsicol
                Papeles del Psicólogo
                Pap. Psicol.
                Consejo General de Colegios Oficiales de Psicólogos (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0214-7823
                1886-1415
                December 2021
                : 42
                : 3
                : 222-229
                Affiliations
                [01] León Castilla y León orgnameUniversidad de León Spain
                Article
                S0214-78232021000300008 S0214-7823(21)04200300008
                10.23923/pap.psicol.2965
                f6b1d498-d69f-4af8-af29-3e6c20c4cff2

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 10 June 2021
                : 18 January 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 51, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Artículos

                Manifestaciones de acoso,Tipos de acoso,Evaluación,Cuestionario,Acoso escolar,Harassment manifestations,Types of harassment,Assessment,Questionnaire,Bullying

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