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      Biomarkers of An Autoimmune Skin Disease—Psoriasis

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          Abstract

          Psoriasis is one of the most prevalent autoimmune skin diseases. However, its etiology and pathogenesis are still unclear. Over the last decade, omics-based technologies have been extensively utilized for biomarker discovery. As a result, some promising markers for psoriasis have been identified at the genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome level. These discoveries have provided new insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways in psoriasis pathogenesis. More importantly, some of these markers may prove useful in the diagnosis of psoriasis and in the prediction of disease progression once they have been validated. In this review, we summarize the most recent findings in psoriasis biomarker discovery. In addition, we will discuss several emerging technologies and their potential for novel biomarker discovery and diagnostics for psoriasis.

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          Most cited references65

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          Psoriasis is associated with increased beta-defensin genomic copy number.

          Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin disease with a strong genetic component. We analyzed the genomic copy number polymorphism of the beta-defensin region on human chromosome 8 in 179 Dutch individuals with psoriasis and 272 controls and in 319 German individuals with psoriasis and 305 controls. Comparisons in both cohorts showed a significant association between higher genomic copy number for beta-defensin genes and risk of psoriasis.
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            The functional role of long non-coding RNAs and epigenetics

            Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-protein coding transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides. The post-transcriptional regulation is influenced by these lncRNAs by interfering with the microRNA pathways, involving in diverse cellular processes. The regulation of gene expression by lncRNAs at the epigenetic level, transcriptional and post-transcriptional level have been well known and widely studied. Recent recognition that lncRNAs make effects in many biological and pathological processes such as stem cell pluripotency, neurogenesis, oncogenesis and etc. This review will focus on the functional roles of lncRNAs in epigenetics and related research progress will be summarized.
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              Psoriasis.

              Psoriasis is a common relapsing and remitting immune-mediated inflammatory disease that affects the skin and joints. This review focuses on current immunogenetic concepts, key cellular players, and axes of cytokines that are thought to contribute to disease pathogenesis. We highlight potential therapeutic targets and give an overview of the currently used immune-targeted therapies.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics
                Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics
                Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics
                Elsevier
                1672-0229
                2210-3244
                08 September 2015
                August 2015
                08 September 2015
                : 13
                : 4
                : 224-233
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Dermatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
                [2 ]Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. twu13@ 123456Central.UH.EDU
                [a]

                ORCID: 0000-0002-7130-0399.

                [b]

                ORCID: 0000-0001-9485-213X.

                [c]

                ORCID: 0000-0003-4406-1449.

                Article
                S1672-0229(15)00104-7
                10.1016/j.gpb.2015.04.002
                4610974
                26362816
                f6cdd652-0513-48fe-adf4-6a39027b419a
                © 2015 The Authors

                This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 2 March 2015
                : 6 April 2015
                : 22 April 2015
                Categories
                Review

                psoriasis,biomarker,genomics,proteomics,metabolomics
                psoriasis, biomarker, genomics, proteomics, metabolomics

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