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      A perceção de divertimento em jovens, adultos e idosos: um estudo comparativo Translated title: The perception of enjoyment in youth, adults, and elderly: a comparative study Translated title: La percepción del disfrute en jóvenes, adultos y ancianos: un estudio comparativo

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a perceção de divertimento em diferentes grupos etários, nomeadamente entre jovens, adultos e idosos. Acrescido, analisámos os efeitos diretos e indiretos na relação da motivação intrínseca, do divertimento e da intenção, de forma a compreender a validade preditiva do divertimento na intenção de continuar na prática de atividade física. Métodos: Participaram ao todo 425 indivíduos Portugueses praticantes de atividade física regular. Todos os participantes preencheram o questionário online tendo em consideração todas as variáveis em análise. Resultados: Os resultados da análise do modelo de medida evidenciam que este apresentou ser invariante entre as faixas etárias. Tal como teoricamente proposto, o divertimento demonstrou ser um preditor significativo da intenção e uma consequência de maiores níveis de motivação intrínseca. Conclusão: A escala utilizada na medição da perceção de divertimento demonstra ser um instrumento fiável, ao qual é equivalente tanto para jovens, como para adultos e idosos. O divertimento deve ser medido e considerado como variável chave na análise dos níveis de atividade física reportados por indivíduos em diferentes faixas etárias.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to analyze the perception of enjoyment in different age groups, namely among young people, adults and elderly. In addition, we analyzed the predictive validity of enjoyment as a predictor of intentions to continue physical activity and as a consequence of intrinsic motivation. Methods: A total of 425 Portuguese individuals practicing regular physical activity participated in this study. All participants completed the online questionnaire considering all the variables under analysis. Results: Results showed that the measurement model was invariant among the age groups. As theoretically proposed, enjoyment showed to be a significant predictor of intention and a consequence of higher levels of intrinsic motivation. Conclusion: The scale used to measure the perception of enjoyment proves to be a reliable instrument, which is equivalent for both young people, adults and elderly. Enjoyment should be measured and considered as a key variable in the analysis of physical activity levels reported by individuals in different age groups.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la percepción de diversión en diferentes grupos de edad, es decir, entre jóvenes, adultos y ancianos. Además, analizamos la validez predictiva de la diversión como un predictor de la intención de continuar la actividad física y como consecuencia de la motivación intrínseca. Métodos: Participaron un total de 425 portugueses que practicaban actividad física regular. Todos los participantes completaron el cuestionario en línea teniendo en cuenta todas las variables bajo análisis. Resultados: Los resultados del análisis del modelo de medición muestran que era invariante entre los grupos de edad. Como se propone teóricamente, se ha demostrado que la diversión es un predictor significativo de intención y una consecuencia de niveles más altos de motivación intrínseca. Conclusión: La escala utilizada para medir la percepción de la diversión demuestra ser un instrumento confiable, que es equivalente tanto para jóvenes, adultos y ancianos. La diversión debe medirse y considerarse como una variable clave en el análisis de los niveles de actividad física informados por individuos en diferentes grupos de edad.

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          What happens if we compare chopsticks with forks? The impact of making inappropriate comparisons in cross-cultural research.

          Fang Chen (2008)
          It is a common practice to export instruments developed in one culture to another. Little is known about the consequences of making inappropriate comparisons in cross-cultural research. Several studies were conducted to fill in this gap. Study 1 examined the impact of lacking factor loading invariance on regression slope comparisons. When factor loadings of a predictor are higher in the reference group (e.g., United States), for which the scale was developed, than in the focal group (e.g., China), into which the scale was imported, the predictive relationship (e.g., self-esteem predicting life satisfaction) is artificially stronger in the reference group but weaker in the focal group, creating a bogus interaction effect of predictor by group (e.g., self-esteem by culture); the opposite pattern is found when the reference group has higher loadings in an outcome variable. Studies 2 and 3 examined the impact of lacking loading and intercept (i.e., point of origin) invariance on factor means, respectively. When the reference group has higher loadings or intercepts, the mean is overestimated in that group but underestimated in the focal group, resulting in a pseudo group difference. (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved.
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            Resampling and Distribution of the Product Methods for Testing Indirect Effects in Complex Models.

            Recent advances in testing mediation have found that certain resampling methods and tests based on the mathematical distribution of 2 normal random variables substantially outperform the traditional z test. However, these studies have primarily focused only on models with a single mediator and 2 component paths. To address this limitation, a simulation was conducted to evaluate these alternative methods in a more complex path model with multiple mediators and indirect paths with 2 and 3 paths. Methods for testing contrasts of 2 effects were evaluated also. The simulation included 1 exogenous independent variable, 3 mediators and 2 outcomes and varied sample size, number of paths in the mediated effects, test used to evaluate effects, effect sizes for each path, and the value of the contrast. Confidence intervals were used to evaluate the power and Type I error rate of each method, and were examined for coverage and bias. The bias-corrected bootstrap had the least biased confidence intervals, greatest power to detect nonzero effects and contrasts, and the most accurate overall Type I error. All tests had less power to detect 3-path effects and more inaccurate Type I error compared to 2-path effects. Confidence intervals were biased for mediated effects, as found in previous studies. Results for contrasts did not vary greatly by test, although resampling approaches had somewhat greater power and might be preferable because of ease of use and flexibility.
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              The Search for "Optimal" Cutoff Properties: Fit Index Criteria in Structural Equation Modeling

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cpd
                Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte
                CPD
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Región de Murcia, Spain )
                1578-8423
                1989-5879
                August 2020
                : 20
                : 2
                : 26-36
                Affiliations
                [10] orgnameIntercontinental Neuroscience Research Group Brasil
                [7] orgnameInstituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar Portugal
                [4] orgnameInstituto Superior de Ciências Educativas Portugal
                [8] orgnameSalgado de Oliveira University orgdiv1Laboratory of Physical Activity Neuroscience Brazil
                [2] orgnameResearch Center in Sport, Health Sciences and Human Development Portugal
                [6] orgnameUniversidade do Porto orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina Portugal
                [9] orgnameFederal University of Rio de Janeiro orgdiv1Institute of Psychiatry orgdiv2Laboratory of Panic and Respiration Brazil
                [5] orgnameInstituto Politécnico de Bragança Portugal
                [3] orgnameResearch Center in Life Quality Portugal
                [11] orgnameBeira Interior University Portugal
                [12] orgnameUniversity of Lusófona Portugal
                [1] orgnameInstituto Politécnico de Santarém orgdiv1Sport Science School of Rio Maior Portugal
                Article
                S1578-84232020000200003 S1578-8423(20)02000200003
                f71f405d-0389-476f-a9cd-e7214438455d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 07 January 2020
                : 16 November 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 32, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Spain


                Invariância,Measurement invariance,Divertimento,Enjoyment,Intrinsic motivation,Intentions,Physical activity,Atividade física,Invariancia,Diversión,Motivación intrínseca,Intención actividad física,Motivação intrínseca,Intenção

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