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      International Journal of Nanomedicine (submit here)

      This international, peer-reviewed Open Access journal by Dove Medical Press focuses on the application of nanotechnology in diagnostics, therapeutics, and drug delivery systems throughout the biomedical field. Sign up for email alerts here.

      105,621 Monthly downloads/views I 7.033 Impact Factor I 10.9 CiteScore I 1.22 Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP) I 1.032 Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)

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      Nanotechnology-based approaches in anticancer research

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          Abstract

          Cancer is a highly complex disease to understand, because it entails multiple cellular physiological systems. The most common cancer treatments are restricted to chemotherapy, radiation and surgery. Moreover, the early recognition and treatment of cancer remains a technological bottleneck. There is an urgent need to develop new and innovative technologies that could help to delineate tumor margins, identify residual tumor cells and micrometastases, and determine whether a tumor has been completely removed or not. Nanotechnology has witnessed significant progress in the past few decades, and its effect is widespread nowadays in every field. Nanoparticles can be modified in numerous ways to prolong circulation, enhance drug localization, increase drug efficacy, and potentially decrease chances of multidrug resistance by the use of nanotechnology. Recently, research in the field of cancer nanotechnology has made remarkable advances. The present review summarizes the application of various nanotechnology-based approaches towards the diagnostics and therapeutics of cancer.

          Most cited references247

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          Tumor delivery of macromolecular drugs based on the EPR effect.

          Enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect is the physiology-based principal mechanism of tumor accumulation of large molecules and small particles. This specific issue of Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews is summing up multiple data on the EPR effect-based drug design and clinical outcome. In this commentary, the role of the EPR effect in the intratumoral delivery of protein and peptide drugs, macromolecular drugs and drug-loaded long-circulating pharmaceutical nanocarriers is briefly discussed together with some additional opportunities for drug delivery arising from the initial EPR effect-mediated accumulation of drug-containing macromolecular systems in tumors. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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            Immunofluorescent labeling of cancer marker Her2 and other cellular targets with semiconductor quantum dots.

            Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are among the most promising emerging fluorescent labels for cellular imaging. However, it is unclear whether QDs, which are nanoparticles rather than small molecules, can specifically and effectively label molecular targets at a subcellular level. Here we have used QDs linked to immunoglobulin G (IgG) and streptavidin to label the breast cancer marker Her2 on the surface of fixed and live cancer cells, to stain actin and microtubule fibers in the cytoplasm, and to detect nuclear antigens inside the nucleus. All labeling signals are specific for the intended targets and are brighter and considerably more photostable than comparable organic dyes. Using QDs with different emission spectra conjugated to IgG and streptavidin, we simultaneously detected two cellular targets with one excitation wavelength. The results indicate that QD-based probes can be very effective in cellular imaging and offer substantial advantages over organic dyes in multiplex target detection.
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              Nanoparticle and targeted systems for cancer therapy.

              This review explores recent work directed towards more targeted treatment of cancer, whether through more specific anti-cancer agents or through methods of delivery. These areas include delivery by avoiding the reticuloendothelial system, utilizing the enhanced permeability and retention effect and tumor-specific targeting. Treatment opportunities using antibody-targeted therapies are summarized. The ability to treat cancer by targeting delivery through angiogenesis is also discussed and antiangiogenic drugs in clinical trials are presented. Delivery methods that specifically use nanoparticles are also highlighted, including both degradable and nondegradable polymers.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Int J Nanomedicine
                Int J Nanomedicine
                International Journal of Nanomedicine
                Dove Medical Press
                1176-9114
                1178-2013
                2012
                2012
                09 August 2012
                : 7
                : 4391-4408
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Metabolomics and Enzymology Unit
                [2 ]Proteomics and Structural Biology Unit
                [3 ]Enzoinformatics Unit
                [4 ]Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Mohammad Amjad Kamal, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966 2 640 1000, Fax +966 2 695 2076, Email ma.kamal@ 123456live.com
                Article
                ijn-7-4391
                10.2147/IJN.S33838
                3420598
                22927757
                f758829d-0808-4981-89e5-d7d2128eeeec
                © 2012 Jabir et al, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd.

                This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 08 August 2012
                Categories
                Review

                Molecular medicine
                nanotechnology,nanoparticle,treatment,drug delivery,diagnosis,cancer
                Molecular medicine
                nanotechnology, nanoparticle, treatment, drug delivery, diagnosis, cancer

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