10
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Evaluation of the kinetics of anti‐NP and anti‐HA antibody after infection of Pekin ducks with low pathogenic avian influenza virus

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Serological monitoring is a feature of surveillance programmes for the detection of the circulation of notifiable low pathogenic avian influenza ( LPAI) viruses in commercial poultry holdings. Commercial multispecies nucleoprotein ( NP) enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays ( ELISAs) have been replacing the haemagglutination inhibition ( HI) test as pre‐screening tools. Few comparative studies have been conducted to test sera from domestic ducks for diagnostic purposes. Therefore, we evaluated the correlation between commercial NP ELISAs and the HI test. Anti‐ NP and anti‐haemagglutinin ( HA) antibodies were measured in sera from domestic ducks that had undergone serological screening and from juvenile domestic Pekin ducks that were experimentally infected with LPAI viruses. The findings highlight an absence of a correlation between NP ELISA and HI results with both field and experimental duck sera. Dissimilar kinetics of the antibodies detected during the follow‐up evaluation of the humoral immune responses in experimentally infected ducks may explain this lack of correlation. Indeed, anti‐ NP titres decreased over time, whereas anti‐ HA titres remained unchanged after inoculation with the H3N1 LPAI virus isolated from domestic duck or the H7N1 LPAI virus isolated from chicken. Despite these differences, the NP ELISA may serve as a valid pre‐screening tool to detect circulating LPAI viruses in domestic duck populations at the flock level.

          Related collections

          Most cited references29

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Hampered Foraging and Migratory Performance in Swans Infected with Low-Pathogenic Avian Influenza A Virus

          It is increasingly acknowledged that migratory birds, notably waterfowl, play a critical role in the maintenance and spread of influenza A viruses. In order to elucidate the epidemiology of influenza A viruses in their natural hosts, a better understanding of the pathological effects in these hosts is required. Here we report on the feeding and migratory performance of wild migratory Bewick's swans (Cygnus columbianus bewickii Yarrell) naturally infected with low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) A viruses of subtypes H6N2 and H6N8. Using information on geolocation data collected from Global Positioning Systems fitted to neck-collars, we show that infected swans experienced delayed migration, leaving their wintering site more than a month after uninfected animals. This was correlated with infected birds travelling shorter distances and fuelling and feeding at reduced rates. The data suggest that LPAI virus infections in wild migratory birds may have higher clinical and ecological impacts than previously recognised.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: found
            Is Open Access

            Influenza Virus in a Natural Host, the Mallard: Experimental Infection Data

            Wild waterfowl, particularly dabbling ducks such as mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), are considered the main reservoir of low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs). They carry viruses that may evolve and become highly pathogenic for poultry or zoonotic. Understanding the ecology of LPAIVs in these natural hosts is therefore essential. We assessed the clinical response, viral shedding and antibody production of juvenile mallards after intra-esophageal inoculation of two LPAIV subtypes previously isolated from wild congeners. Six ducks, equipped with data loggers that continually monitored body temperature, heart rate and activity, were successively inoculated with an H7N7 LPAI isolate (day 0), the same H7N7 isolate again (day 21) and an H5N2 LPAI isolate (day 35). After the first H7N7 inoculation, the ducks remained alert with no modification of heart rate or activity. However, body temperature transiently increased in four individuals, suggesting that LPAIV strains may have minor clinical effects on their natural hosts. The excretion patterns observed after both re-inoculations differed strongly from those observed after the primary H7N7 inoculation, suggesting that not only homosubtypic but also heterosubtypic immunity exist. Our study suggests that LPAI infection has minor clinically measurable effects on mallards and that mallard ducks are able to mount immunological responses protective against heterologous infections. Because the transmission dynamics of LPAIVs in wild populations is greatly influenced by individual susceptibility and herd immunity, these findings are of high importance. Our study also shows the relevance of using telemetry to monitor disease in animals.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Duck influenza lacking evidence of disease signs and immune response.

              Influenza viruses A/duck/Hokkaido/5/77 (Hav7N2), A/budgerigar/Hokkaido/1/77 (Hav4Nav1), A/Kumamoto/22/76 (H3N2), A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2), and A/New Jersey/8/76 (Hsw1N1) were experimentally inoculated into Pekin ducks. Of these, the influenza viruses of duck and budgerigar origin replicated in the intestinal tract of the ducks. The infected ducks shed the virus in the feces to high titers, but did not show clinical signs of disease and scarcely produced detectable serum antibodies. Using immunofluorescent staining, we demonstrated that the target cells of the duck virus in ducks were the simple columnar epithelial cells which form crypts in the large intestines, especially in the colon. After primary infection, the birds resisted reinfection with the duck virus at least for 28 days, but from 46 days onward they were susceptible to reinfection. These infections were quickly restricted by a brisk secondary immune response, reflected in the rapid appearance of high titers of antibody after reinoculation. In contrat to the avian influenza viruses, the remaining three influenza viruses of human origin did not replicate in the intestinal tract but did cause a serum antibody response.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Vet Med Sci
                Vet Med Sci
                10.1002/(ISSN)2053-1095
                VMS3
                Veterinary Medicine and Science
                John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                2053-1095
                18 January 2016
                February 2016
                : 2
                : 1 ( doiID: 10.1111/vms3.2016.2.issue-1 )
                : 36-46
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Avian Virology & Immunology Unit Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Center Groeselenberg 99 B‐1180 Brussels Belgium
                Author notes
                [*] [* ]Correspondence: Sylvie Marché, Avian Virology & Immunology Unit, Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Center, Groeselenberg 99, B‐1180 Brussels, Belgium. E‐mail: sylvie.marche@ 123456coda-cerva.be
                Article
                VMS318
                10.1002/vms3.18
                5645828
                f783d740-000b-4651-bcb6-c0a780758ece
                © 2016 The Authors. Veterinary Medicine and Science Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

                This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

                History
                : 30 March 2015
                : 25 November 2015
                : 29 November 2015
                Page count
                Pages: 11
                Funding
                Funded by: Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
                Categories
                Original Article
                Original Articles
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                vms318
                February 2016
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_NLMPMC version:5.2.1 mode:remove_FC converted:18.10.2017

                hi test,np elisa,duck immune response,notifiable avian influenza,pekin duck,serological diagnosis

                Comments

                Comment on this article