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      Towards a Paradigm Shift in Social Protection in Developing Countries? Analyzing the Emergence of the Ghana National Unemployment Insurance Scheme from a Multiple Streams Perspective

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          Abstract

          The COVID 19 pandemic continues to cause a lot of uncertainty around the world. At the onset of the pandemic, governments responded with policies and programs to curb its devastating effects on citizens, and Ghana was no exception. Although the Ghanaian government introduced various stop-gap measures to mitigate the effects of the pandemic, the inadequacies of the extant social welfare system was badly exposed. Consequently, as the pandemic seethed on, there were calls for reform of the existing social protection system and the introduction of new programs, especially for those in the informal sector. In response, the government introduced a new National Unemployment Insurance Scheme (NUIS). How did this happen? What led the government to accept tentatively the need to reform and transform the social welfare system after years of policy padding and the dragging of feet? Drawing on Kingdon's Multiple Streams Framework, we argue that the pandemic created a policy window, which enabled policy enntrepreneurs to push the unemployment insurance idea to reform the existing social welfare system. The introduction of a NUIS, is seen as a paradigm shift in social protection and more broadly in social policy. The objective of this paper is to examine how the NUIS got on government's agenda, and whether the NUIS is a game changer in social protection in Ghana. We sourced information mainly from secondary sources.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Urban Governance
                The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai Jiao Tong University.
                2664-3286
                2664-3286
                10 May 2023
                10 May 2023
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Political Science, Concordia University, 1455 De Maisonneuve Blvd. W., Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3G 1M8
                [2 ]Department of Political Science, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author
                Article
                S2664-3286(23)00053-0
                10.1016/j.ugj.2023.05.002
                10170897
                f7b63ef5-68d4-4fc2-9b92-1dfe7c8e5d2b
                © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai Jiao Tong University.

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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                ghana,multiple streams framework,national unemployment insurance scheme,social policy,transformation

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