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      Under the Same Sky: Connecting Students and Cultures through Circumpolar Nursing Education

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          Abstract

          The recruitment and retention of health professionals in rural, remote, and northern regions is an ongoing challenge. The Northern Nursing Education Network brought together nursing students working in rural and remote regions of the circumpolar north in Innovative Learning Institute on Circumpolar Health (ILICH) events to create opportunities for shared learning and expose both students and faculty to local and traditional knowledge that informs health behaviors specific to regions with Indigenous populations. Using participant experience data extracted from program discussions, evaluations, and reflective notes conducted after ILICH events held in 2015–2017, this paper explores how these two-week institutes can contribute to knowledge that is locally relevant yet transferable to rural areas across the circumpolar north. The findings clustered around experiences related to (1) Language as a barrier and an enabler; (2) shared values and traditions across borders; (3) differences and similarities in nursing practice; (4) new perspectives in nursing; and (5) building sustainable partnerships. Students learned more about their own culture as well as others by exploring the importance of language, cultures, and health inequity on different continents. Shared values and traditional knowledge impacted student perspectives of social determinants of health that are highly relevant for nurses working in the circumpolar north.

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          Systematic review of effective retention incentives for health workers in rural and remote areas: towards evidence-based policy.

          Poor retention of health workers is a significant problem in rural and remote areas, with negative consequences for both health services and patient care. This review aimed to synthesise the available evidence regarding the effectiveness of retention strategies for health workers in rural and remote areas, with a focus on those studies relevant to Australia. A systematic review method was adopted. Six program evaluation articles, eight review articles and one grey literature report were identified that met study inclusion/exclusion criteria. While a wide range of retention strategies have been introduced in various settings to reduce unnecessary staff turnover and increase length of stay, few have been rigorously evaluated. Little evidence demonstrating the effectiveness of any specific strategy is currently available, with the possible exception of health worker obligation. Multiple factors influence length of employment, indicating that a flexible, multifaceted response to improving workforce retention is required. This paper proposes a comprehensive rural and remote health workforce retention framework to address factors known to contribute to avoidable turnover. The six components of the framework relate to staffing, infrastructure, remuneration, workplace organisation, professional environment, and social, family and community support. In order to ensure their effectiveness, retention strategies should be rigorously evaluated using appropriate pre- and post-intervention comparisons.
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            Increasing access to health workers in remote and rural areas through improved retention

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              Sustaining the rural workforce: nursing perspectives on worklife challenges.

              Concerns have been raised about the sustainability of health care workforces in rural settings. According to the literature, rural nurses' work satisfaction varies with the resources and supports available to respond to specific challenges. Given the probable effects of stressors on retention, it is essential to understand the unique requirements of nurses in rural practice environments.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Healthcare (Basel)
                Healthcare (Basel)
                healthcare
                Healthcare
                MDPI
                2227-9032
                21 May 2018
                June 2018
                : 6
                : 2
                : 50
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
                [2 ]College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada; lorna.butler@ 123456usask.ca (L.B.); heather.exnerpirot@ 123456usask.ca (H.E.-P.)
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: bente.norbye@ 123456uit.no ; Tel.: +47-776-251-54
                Article
                healthcare-06-00050
                10.3390/healthcare6020050
                6023287
                29883437
                f7c0e86d-057f-4423-a5dd-e4090deb6bb9
                © 2018 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 19 April 2018
                : 17 May 2018
                Categories
                Article

                nursing education,indigenous health,cultural sensitivity,rural and remote regions,circumpolar north

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