151
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      A Novel Nanoprobe for Multimodal Imaging Is Effectively Incorporated into Human Melanoma Metastatic Cell Lines

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          To facilitate efficient drug delivery to tumor tissue, several nanomaterials have been designed, with combined diagnostic and therapeutic properties. In this work, we carried out fundamental in vitro and in vivo experiments to assess the labeling efficacy of our novel theranostic nanoprobe, consisting of glycogen conjugated with a red fluorescent probe and gadolinium. Microscopy and resazurin viability assays were used to study cell labeling and cell viability in human metastatic melanoma cell lines. Fluorescence lifetime correlation spectroscopy (FLCS) was done to investigate nanoprobe stability. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed to study T 1 relaxivity in vitro, and contrast enhancement in a subcutaneous in vivo tumor model. Efficient cell labeling was demonstrated, while cell viability, cell migration, and cell growth was not affected. FLCS showed that the nanoprobe did not degrade in blood plasma. MRI demonstrated that down to 750 cells/μL of labeled cells in agar phantoms could be detected. In vivo MRI showed that contrast enhancement in tumors was comparable between Omniscan contrast agent and the nanoprobe. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time that a non-toxic glycogen-based nanoprobe may effectively visualize tumor cells and tissue, and, in future experiments, we will investigate its therapeutic potential by conjugating therapeutic compounds to the nanoprobe.

          Related collections

          Most cited references36

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Elucidating the mechanism of cellular uptake and removal of protein-coated gold nanoparticles of different sizes and shapes.

          We investigated the mechanism by which transferrin-coated gold nanoparticles (Au NP) of different sizes and shapes entered mammalian cells. We determined that transferrin-coated Au NP entered the cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathway. The NPs exocytosed out of the cells in a linear relationship to size. This was different than the relationship between uptake and size. Furthermore, we developed a mathematical equation to predict the relationship of size versus exocytosis for different cell lines. These studies will provide guidelines for developing NPs for imaging and drug delivery applications, which will require "controlling" NP accumulation rate. These studies will also have implications in determining nanotoxicity.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            Size-Dependent Endocytosis of Nanoparticles.

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Biocompatibility of engineered nanoparticles for drug delivery.

              The rapid advancement of nanotechnology has raised the possibility of using engineered nanoparticles that interact within biological environments for treatment of diseases. Nanoparticles interacting with cells and the extracellular environment can trigger a sequence of biological effects. These effects largely depend on the dynamic physicochemical characteristics of nanoparticles, which determine the biocompatibility and efficacy of the intended outcomes. Understanding the mechanisms behind these different outcomes will allow prediction of the relationship between nanostructures and their interactions with the biological milieu. At present, almost no standard biocompatibility evaluation criteria have been established, in particular for nanoparticles used in drug delivery systems. Therefore, an appropriate safety guideline of nanoparticles on human health with assessable endpoints is needed. In this review, we discuss the data existing in the literature regarding biocompatibility of nanoparticles for drug delivery applications. We also review the various types of nanoparticles used in drug delivery systems while addressing new challenges and research directions. Presenting the aforementioned information will aid in getting one step closer to formulating compatibility criteria for biological systems under exposure to different nanoparticles. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Academic Editor
                Journal
                Int J Mol Sci
                Int J Mol Sci
                ijms
                International Journal of Molecular Sciences
                MDPI
                1422-0067
                08 September 2015
                September 2015
                : 16
                : 9
                : 21658-21680
                Affiliations
                [1 ]NorLux Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; E-Mails: synnovenymarkaasen@ 123456gmail.com (S.N.A.); kaioveskaftnesmo@ 123456gmail.com (K.O.S.)
                [2 ]Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic; E-Mails: pospisilova-a@ 123456seznam.cz (A.P.); panek@ 123456imc.cas.cz (J.P.); mhruby@ 123456centrum.cz (M.H.); ppetr.stepanek@ 123456gmail.com (P.S.)
                [3 ]Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; E-Mail: tilo.eichler@ 123456k1.uib.no
                [4 ]Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; E-Mail: endy.spriet@ 123456uib.no
                [5 ]Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic; E-Mail: daji@ 123456medicon.cz
                [6 ]Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, 1st Medicine Faculty, Charles University, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
                [7 ]Kristian Gerhard Jebsen Brain Tumour Research Centre, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
                Author notes
                [* ]Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: frits.thorsen@ 123456uib.no or frits.thorsen@ 123456biomed.uib.no ; Tel.: +47-5558-6272; Fax: +47-5558-6360.
                Article
                ijms-16-21658
                10.3390/ijms160921658
                4613273
                26370983
                f7ea5108-7525-482d-a7b2-aa7f6c17041c
                © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

                This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 19 June 2015
                : 25 August 2015
                Categories
                Article

                Molecular biology
                melanoma brain metastasis,nanoprobe,theranostics,magnetic resonance imaging,fluorescence microscopy,high throughput microscopy,fluorescence lifetime correlation spectroscopy,zeta potential

                Comments

                Comment on this article