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      Review of Particle Physics

      1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 1 , 12 , 2 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 1 , 21 , 17 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 21 , 35 , 23 , 36 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 23 , 42 , 43 , 2 , 34 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 21 , 34 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 2 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 34 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 23 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 23 , 77 , 78 , 23 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 52 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 87 , 52 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 1 , 101 , 102 , 8 , 23 , 2 , 103 , 104 , 67 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 26 , 8 , 108 , 109 , 91 , 66 , 23 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 23 , 115 , 23 , 116 , 67 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 121 , 8 , 122 , 54 , 123 , 124 , 125 , 116 , 126 , 2 , 74 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 65 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 1 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 87 , 47 , 23 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 17 , 140 , 88 , 2 , 67 , 23 , 141 , 142 , 142 , 23 , 143 , 144 , 145 , 101 , 146 , 26 , 140 , 137 , 23 , 147 , 38 , 96 , 148 , 149 , 90 , 1 , 85 , 150 , 151 , 113 , 152 , 96 , 75 , 153 , 25 , 21 , 75 , 154 , 76 , 155 , 156 , 155 , 157 , 91 , 95 , 158 , 51 , 2 , 159 , 84 , 160 , 38 , 21 , 161 , 104 , 57 , 56 , 162 , 163 , 64 , 164 , 39 , 40 , 17 , 22 , 107 , 144 , 165 , 18 , 166 , 167 , 90 , 1 , 168 , 136 , 8 , 169 , 170 , 116 , 19 , 13 , 21 , 2 , 171 , 172 , 173 , 23 , 1 , 23 , 2 , 1 , 174 , Particle Data Group
      Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics
      Oxford University Press (OUP)
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          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,324 new measurements from 878 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 120 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on High Energy Soft QCD and Diffraction and one on the Determination of CKM Angles from B Hadrons.

          The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 98 review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 22 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented in the Listings.

          The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is available in print and as a web version optimized for use on phones as well as an Android app.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics
          Oxford University Press (OUP)
          2050-3911
          August 2020
          August 14 2020
          August 2020
          August 14 2020
          August 14 2020
          : 2020
          : 8
          Affiliations
          [1 ]Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
          [2 ]Institute for High Energy Physics, C'OMPAS Group, Protvino, Russia
          [3 ]University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, MD, USA
          [4 ]Universita degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
          [5 ]Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
          [6 ]Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
          [7 ]Lab. Nazionali di Frascati dell'INFN, Frascati, Italy
          [8 ]Brookhaven National Laboratory, Nuclear and Particle Physics Directorate, Upton, NY, USA
          [9 ]University of Oklahoma, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Norman, OK, USA
          [10 ]University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
          [11 ]Universität Zurich, Physik-Institut, Zürich, Switzerland
          [12 ]Ohio State University, Department of Physics, Columbus, OH, USA
          [13 ]Max-Planck-Institute of Physics, Munich, Germany
          [14 ]INFN and Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universita di Padova, Padova, Italy
          [15 ]Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Fakultät für Physik, Munchen, Germany
          [16 ]University of Wisconsin, Department of Physics, Madison, WI, USA
          [17 ]University of Chicago, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, Chicago, IL, USA
          [18 ]Imperial College, High Energy Physics Group, Blackett Laboratory, London, UK
          [19 ]Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA, USA
          [20 ]University of Virginia, Department of Physics, Charlottesville, VA, USA
          [21 ]Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
          [22 ]University of Chicago, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, Chicago, IL, USA
          [23 ]CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Genevè, Switzerland
          [24 ]Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
          [25 ]Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
          [26 ]Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
          [27 ]Department of Physics, Royal Holloway, University of London, London, UK
          [28 ]INFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
          [29 ]Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques, Bures-sur-Yvette, France
          [30 ]UNSAM - Universidad Nacional de San Martin, International Center for Advanced Studies (ICAS) and Instituto de Ciencias Físicas (ICIFI), Buenos Aires, Argentina
          [31 ]Northwestern University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Evanston, IL, USA
          [32 ]University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, CO, USA
          [33 ]Nikhef and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
          [34 ]ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
          [35 ]University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, UK
          [36 ]Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Bonn, Germany
          [37 ]University of Helsinki, Department of Physics, Helsinki, Finland
          [38 ]Monash University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Melbourne, Australia
          [39 ]Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
          [40 ]Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
          [41 ]King's College London, Department of Physics, London, UK
          [42 ]Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Departamento de Física Teorica, Instituto de Fisica, Mexico, Mexico
          [43 ]Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
          [44 ]University of Illinois, Department of Astronomy, Urbana, IL, USA
          [45 ]University of Illinois, Department of Physics, Urbana, IL, USA
          [46 ]University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
          [47 ]Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
          [48 ]University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Department of Physics, Oxford, UK
          [49 ]University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
          [50 ]Tufts University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Medford, MA, USA
          [51 ]CEA Saclay, DSM/IRFU/SPP, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
          [52 ]University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, UK
          [53 ]Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, NJ, USA
          [54 ]University of Minnesota, School of Physics and Astronomy, Minneapolis, MN, USA
          [55 ]CN Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
          [56 ]Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain
          [57 ]Instituto de ciencias del Cosmos (ICC), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
          [58 ]Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
          [59 ]Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
          [60 ]Theoriegruppe, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
          [61 ]Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
          [62 ]University College Dublin, School of Physics, Dublin, Ireland
          [63 ]Physics Department, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02441, Republic of Korea
          [64 ]Universität Tubingen, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Tübingen, Germany
          [65 ]Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
          [66 ]Institut für Kernphysik and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
          [67 ]KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
          [68 ]Kamioka Observatory, ICRR, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
          [69 ]Heidelberg University, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Heidelberg, Germany
          [70 ]Instituto de Física Teórica (UAM/CSIC), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
          [71 ]Campus of International Excellence UAM+CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
          [72 ]Instituto de Física de Cantabria, CSIC-UC, Santander, Spain
          [73 ]Cornell University, Laboratory of Elementary-Particle Physics, Ithaca, NY, USA
          [74 ]IFIC — Instituto de Física Corpuscular, Universitat de Valencia — C.S.I.C., Valencia, Spain
          [75 ]Tohoku University, Department of Physics, Sendai, Japan
          [76 ]Nagoya University, Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute, Nagoya, Japan
          [77 ]University of Delaware, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Newark, DE, USA
          [78 ]University of Delaware, Bartol Research Institute, Newark, DE, USA
          [79 ]Michigan State University, Dept, of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, MI, USA
          [80 ]Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
          [81 ]Florida State University, Department of Physics, Tallahassee, FL, USA
          [82 ]Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Universita di Roma, Rome, Italy
          [83 ]INFN Sezione di Roma, Rome, Italy
          [84 ]IJCLab, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
          [85 ]Department of Particle Physics, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
          [86 ]Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Niirnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Erlangen, Germany
          [87 ]University of Durham, Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Department of Physics, Durham, UK
          [88 ]Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Petersburg, Russia
          [89 ]Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
          [90 ]University of California, Department of Physics, Berkeley, CA, USA
          [91 ]Universitat Bonn, Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany
          [92 ]University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
          [93 ]University of Basel, Institute of Physics, Basel, Switzerland
          [94 ]Yonsei University, Department of Physics, Seoul, Republic of Korea
          [95 ]University College London, Department of Physics and Astronomy, London, UK
          [96 ]Syracuse University, Department of Physics, Syracuse, NY, USA
          [97 ]Aix-Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, CPT, Marseille, France
          [98 ]Institute of Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology (TTK), RWTH, Aachen, Germany
          [99 ]Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Canada
          [100 ]Instituto de Astrofisica e Ciencias do Espaco, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
          [101 ]GSI, Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
          [102 ]Division of Science, City College of New York, New York, NY, USA
          [103 ]Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
          [104 ]INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
          [105 ]Universitè catholique de Louvain, Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology (CPS), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
          [106 ]Università di Bologna and INFN, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Bologna, Italy
          [107 ]Universität Siegen, Department für Physik, Siegen, Germany
          [108 ]INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
          [109 ]Louisana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
          [110 ]University of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, UK
          [111 ]Stockholms Universitet, AlbaNova University Centre, Fysikum, Stockholm, Sweden
          [112 ]Indiana University, Department of Physics, Bloomington, IN, USA
          [113 ]DESY, Zeuthen, Germany
          [114 ]INAF-OATS, Trieste, Italy
          [115 ]University of Ghent, Dept, of Physics and Astronomy, Ghent, Belgium
          [116 ]University of Tokyo, Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, Kashiwa, Japan
          [117 ]Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, RI, USA
          [118 ]INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, Milano, Italy
          [119 ]Dip. di Fisica “G. Occhialini”, Universita di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
          [120 ]Universidad de Granada, Dpto. de Física Teórica y del Cosmos & C.A.F.P.E., Granada, Spain
          [121 ]Johannes Gutenberg University, PRISMA Cluster of Excellence and Mainz Institute for Theoretical Physics, Mainz, Germany
          [122 ]Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
          [123 ]Università di Bologna and INFN, Dip. Scienze per la Qualita della Vita, Rimini, ttaly
          [124 ]University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Institute for Astronomy, Edinburgh, UK
          [125 ]SISSA/INFN, Trieste, Italy
          [126 ]INRNE, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
          [127 ]University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
          [128 ]Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Departament de Fisica, Barcelona, Spain
          [129 ]IFAE, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
          [130 ]Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, II. Physikalisches Institut, Göttingen, Germany
          [131 ]Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
          [132 ]University of Bristol, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Bristol, UK
          [133 ]Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Wemer-Heisenberg-Institut), München, Germany
          [134 ]Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
          [135 ]Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
          [136 ]University of Massachusetts, Department of Physics, Amherst, MA, USA
          [137 ]SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
          [138 ]DOE, Washington, DC, USA
          [139 ]National Research Nuclear University 'MEPhl“, Moscow, Russia
          [140 ]University of Washington, Department of Physics, Seattle, WA, USA
          [141 ]LPTHE, UPMC Universite de Paris 6, Paris, France
          [142 ]University of Oxford, Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, Oxford, UK
          [143 ]Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérate de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
          [144 ]Duke University, Physics Department, Durham, NC, USA
          [145 ]University of Cincinnati, Department of Physics, Cincinnati, OH, USA
          [146 ]University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, BC, Canada
          [147 ]Lund University, Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics, Lund, Sweden
          [148 ]The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
          [149 ]Paris Centre for Cosmological Physics, APC (CNRS), Université de Paris, Paris, France
          [150 ]Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
          [151 ]University of Tennessee, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Knoxville, TN, USA
          [152 ]III. Physikalisches Institut, Physikzentrum, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
          [153 ]Tokyo Metropolitan University, High Energy Physics Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan
          [154 ]Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
          [155 ]International Center for Elementary Particle Physics (ICEPP), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
          [156 ]Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
          [157 ]Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
          [158 ]Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
          [159 ]University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, UK
          [160 ]University of Melbourne, School of Physics, Victoria, Australia
          [161 ]University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
          [162 ]Carleton University, Department of Physics, Ottavm, ON, Canada
          [163 ]California Institute of Technology, Kellogg Radiation Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA
          [164 ]The University of Liverpool, Division of Theoretical Physics, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Liverpool, UK
          [165 ]University of Portsmouth, Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, Portsmouth, UK
          [166 ]Ohio State University, Department of Astronomy and CCAPP, Columbus, OH, USA
          [167 ]Columbia University, Department of Physics, New York, NY, USA
          [168 ]Dept, of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA
          [169 ]George Washington University Virginia Campus, Department of Physics, Ashburn, VA, USA
          [170 ]University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
          [171 ]Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
          [172 ]California Institute of Technology, High Energy Physics, Pasadena, CA, USA
          [173 ]School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
          [174 ]Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, China
          Article
          10.1093/ptep/ptaa104
          f86001ec-4fba-4bf8-afc8-7a6ea7a3ed00
          © 2020
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