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      Generic names in the Orbiliaceae (Orbiliomycetes) and recommendations on which names should be protected or suppressed

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          Taxonomic and phylogenetic re-evaluation of Microdochium, Monographella and Idriella

          Based on morphology and DNA sequence data the taxonomic relationships of Microdochium, Monographella and Idriella were reassessed. Microdochium is morphologically and phylogenetically circumscribed, and the sexual genus Monographella treated as synonym on the basis that Microdochium has more species, is more commonly encountered, and more frequently used in literature. An epitype is designated for Microdochium phragmites, and several well-known species are redefined based on their morphology and DNA sequence data (LSU, ITS, BTUB and RPB2). Furthermore, the revision of Microdochium led to six new combinations (M. albescens, M. consociatum, M. fusariisporum, M. maydis, M. opuntiae and M. stevensonii) and six new species (M. citrinidiscum, M. colombiense, M. fisheri, M. neoqueenslandicum, M. seminicola and M. trichocladiopsis) being proposed. Microdochium s.str. belongs to a monophyletic clade, together with Idriella lunata and Selenodriella, representing a new family, Microdochiaceae, in Xylariales. Other species previously accommodated in Microdochium belong to different orders in the Ascomycota. Microdochium gracile belongs to Sordariomycetes (incertae sedis) and Paramicrodochium is proposed to accommodate this species. Microdochium tripsaci belongs to Ephelis in Clavicipitaceae, while M. fusarioides belongs to a new genus, Microdochiella in Orbiliales. Idriella s.str. is a monotypic genus phylogenetically closely related to Microdochium. Idriella s.l. separates into different genera in Xylariales (incertae sedis) including Castanediella, Selenodriella, Idriellopsis, Neoidriella and Paraidriella, the last three proposed here as new genera.
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            The molecular phylogeny of aquatic hyphomycetes with affinity to the Leotiomycetes.

            Aquatic hyphomycetes play a key role in decomposition of submerged organic matter and stream ecosystem functioning. We examined the phylogenetic relationships among various genera of aquatic hyphomycetes belonging to the Leotiomycetes (Ascomycota) using sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) regions of rDNA generated from 42 pure cultures including 19 ex-types. These new sequence data were analyzed together with additional sequences from 36 aquatic hyphomycetes and 60 related fungi obtained from GenBank. Aquatic hyphomycetes, characterized by their tetraradiate or sigmoid conidia, were scattered in nine supported clades within the Helotiales (Leotiomycetes). Tricladium, Lemonniera, Articulospora, Anguillospora, Varicosporium, Filosporella, and Flagellospora are not monophyletic, with species from the same genus distributed among several major clades. The Gyoerffyella clade and the Hymenoscyphus clade accommodated species from eight and six different genera, respectively. Thirteen aquatic hyphomycete taxa were grouped in the Leotia-Bulgaria clade while twelve species clustered within the Hymenoscyphus clade along with several amphibious ascomycetes. Species of Filosporella and some species from four other aquatic genera were placed in the Ascocoryne-Hydrocina clade. It is evident that many aquatic hyphomycetes have relatives of terrestrial origin. Adaptation to colonize the aquatic environment has evolved independently in multiple phylogenetic lineages within the Leotiomycetes.
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              A new dawn for the naming of fungi: impacts of decisions made in Melbourne in July 2011 on the future publication and regulation of fungal names

              A personal synopsis of the decisions made at the Nomenclature Section meeting of the International Botanical Congress in Melbourne in July 2011 is provided, with an emphasis on those which will affect the working practices of, or will otherwise be of interest to, mycologists. The topics covered include the re-naming of the Code, the acceptance of English as an alternative to Latin for validating diagnoses, conditions for permitting electronic publication of names, mandatory deposit of key nomenclatural information in a recognized repository for the valid publication of fungal names, the discontinuance of dual nomenclature for pleomorphic fungi, and clarification over the typification of sanctioned names, and acceptability of names originally published under the zoological code. Collectively, these changes are the most fundamental to have been enacted at single Congress since the 1950s, and herald the dawn of a new era in the practice of fungal nomenclature.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Mycological Progress
                Mycol Progress
                Springer Science and Business Media LLC
                1617-416X
                1861-8952
                January 2018
                May 17 2017
                January 2018
                : 17
                : 1-2
                : 5-31
                Article
                10.1007/s11557-017-1300-6
                f963ce38-d121-44f4-a168-acb62f01021b
                © 2018

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

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