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      Poor R-wave progression and myocardial infarct size after anterior myocardial infarction in the coronary intervention era

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          Abstract

          Background

          Regeneration of R-wave or disappearance of Q-wave sometimes occurs after myocardial infarction (MI) especially in the coronary intervention era. We assessed the impact of poor R-wave progression (PRWP) or residual R-wave in precordial leads on myocardial infarct size in patients with prior anterior MI treated with coronary intervention.

          Methods

          Fifty-three patients with prior anterior MI and 20 age- and sex-matched patients without underwent electrocardiogram (ECG), myocardial perfusion single photon emission tomography (SPECT) and echocardiography. Poor R-wave progression (PRWP) was defined as RV3 ≤ 3 mm.

          Results

          R-wave was significantly lower in all precordial leads in patients with prior anterior MI than those without. Among 53 patients with prior anterior MI, 33 patients had PRWP, and the remaining 20 patients did not. Patients with PRWP had larger sum of defect score (17.5 ± 8.6 vs 7.6 ± 10.3, p < 0.001) and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (46.1 ± 9.8% vs 55.2 ± 12.9%, p < 0.01) than those without. The sum of R-wave in lead V1 to V6 inversely correlated with the sum of defect score (r = − 0.56, p < 0.001), and positively correlated with LVEF (r = 0.45, p < 0.001).

          Conclusion

          Our data suggested that residual R-wave during the follow-up period reflected myocardial infarct size and left ventricular systolic function well in patients with prior anterior MI treated with coronary intervention.

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          Most cited references16

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          The quantification of infarct size.

          We sought to summarize the published evidence regarding the measurement of infarct size by serum markers, technetium-99m sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging. The measurement of infarct size is an attractive surrogate end point for the early assessment of new therapies for acute myocardial infarction. For each of these three approaches, we reviewed reports published in English providing the clinical validation for the measurement of infarct size and the relevant clinical trial experience. The measurement of infarct size by serum markers has multiple theoretical and practical limitations. The measurement of troponin is promising, but the available data validating this marker are limited. Sestamibi SPECT imaging has five separate lines of published evidence supporting its validity and has received extensive study in multicenter trials. Magnetic resonance imaging has great promise but has less clinical validation and no multicenter trial experience. Therefore, SPECT sestamibi imaging is currently the best available technique for the quantitation of infarct size to assess the incremental treatment benefit of new therapies in multicenter trials of acute myocardial infarction.
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            The Selvester QRS scoring system for estimating myocardial infarct size. The development and application of the system.

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              Automated quality control for segmentation of myocardial perfusion SPECT.

              Left ventricular (LV) segmentation, including accurate assignment of LV contours, is essential for the quantitative assessment of myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS). Two major types of segmentation failures are observed in clinical practices: incorrect LV shape determination and incorrect valve-plane (VP) positioning. We have developed a technique to automatically detect these failures for both nongated and gated studies. A standard Cedars-Sinai perfusion SPECT (quantitative perfusion SPECT [QPS]) algorithm was applied to derive LV contours in 318 consecutive (99m)Tc-sestamibi rest/stress MPS studies consisting of stress/rest scans with or without attenuation correction and gated stress/rest images (1,903 scans total). Two numeric parameters, shape quality control (SQC) and valve-plane quality control, were derived to categorize the respective contour segmentation failures. The results were compared with the visual classification of automatic contour adequacy by 3 experienced observers. The overall success of automatic LV segmentation in the 1,903 scans ranged from 66% on nongated images (incorrect shape, 8%; incorrect VP, 26%) to 87% on gated images (incorrect shape, 3%; incorrect VP, 10%). The overall interobserver agreement for visual classification of automatic LV segmentation was 61% for nongated scans and 80% for gated images; the agreement between gray-scale and color-scale display for these scans was 86% and 91%, respectively. To improve the reliability of visual evaluation as a reference, the cases with intra- and interobserver discrepancies were excluded, and the remaining 1,277 datasets were considered (101 with incorrect LV shape and 102 with incorrect VP position). For the SQC, the receiver-operating-characteristic area under the curve (ROC-AUC) was 1.0 +/- 0.00 for the overall dataset, with an optimal sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 98%. The ROC-AUC was 1.0 in all specific datasets. The algorithm was also able to detect the VP position errors: VP overshooting with ROC-AUC, 0.91 +/- 0.01; sensitivity, 100%; and specificity, 70%; and VP undershooting with ROC-AUC, 0.96 +/- 0.01; sensitivity, 100%; and specificity, 70%. A new automated method for quality control of LV MPS contours has been developed and shows high accuracy for the detection of failures in LV segmentation with a variety of acquisition protocols. This technique may lead to an improvement in the objective, automated quantitative analysis of MPS.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc
                Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc
                International Journal of Cardiology. Heart & Vasculature
                Elsevier
                2352-9067
                24 March 2015
                01 June 2015
                24 March 2015
                : 7
                : 106-109
                Affiliations
                Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author at: 1-2-3, Kasumi-cho, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan. Tel.: + 81 82 257 5540; fax: + 81 82 257 1569. skurisu@ 123456nifty.com
                Article
                S2352-9067(14)00068-2
                10.1016/j.ijcha.2014.09.002
                5497185
                f9a9ef05-788a-4bc3-9ad5-23f2c1b5f8b5
                © 2014 The Authors

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-SA license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).

                History
                : 29 May 2014
                : 28 September 2014
                Categories
                Article

                electrocardiogram,defect score,poor r progression
                electrocardiogram, defect score, poor r progression

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