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      Seagrass ecosystems as a globally significant carbon stock

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          Re-evaluation of forest biomass carbon stocks and lessons from the world's most carbon-dense forests.

          From analysis of published global site biomass data (n = 136) from primary forests, we discovered (i) the world's highest known total biomass carbon density (living plus dead) of 1,867 tonnes carbon per ha (average value from 13 sites) occurs in Australian temperate moist Eucalyptus regnans forests, and (ii) average values of the global site biomass data were higher for sampled temperate moist forests (n = 44) than for sampled tropical (n = 36) and boreal (n = 52) forests (n is number of sites per forest biome). Spatially averaged Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change biome default values are lower than our average site values for temperate moist forests, because the temperate biome contains a diversity of forest ecosystem types that support a range of mature carbon stocks or have a long land-use history with reduced carbon stocks. We describe a framework for identifying forests important for carbon storage based on the factors that account for high biomass carbon densities, including (i) relatively cool temperatures and moderately high precipitation producing rates of fast growth but slow decomposition, and (ii) older forests that are often multiaged and multilayered and have experienced minimal human disturbance. Our results are relevant to negotiations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change regarding forest conservation, management, and restoration. Conserving forests with large stocks of biomass from deforestation and degradation avoids significant carbon emissions to the atmosphere, irrespective of the source country, and should be among allowable mitigation activities. Similarly, management that allows restoration of a forest's carbon sequestration potential also should be recognized.
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            Natural and human-induced disturbance of seagrasses

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              The future of seagrass meadows

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Nature Geoscience
                Nature Geosci
                Springer Nature
                1752-0894
                1752-0908
                July 2012
                May 20 2012
                : 5
                : 7
                : 505-509
                Article
                10.1038/ngeo1477
                27992951
                f9d22405-4c61-4d0e-9565-66bb27f98bf6
                © 2012

                http://www.springer.com/tdm

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