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      Combining verbal veracity assessment techniques to distinguish truth tellers from lie tellers Translated title: Combinando técnicas verbales de evaluación de la veracidad para discriminar testimonios verdaderos de falsos

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT Cognitive Credibility Assessment (CCA) is a verbal lie detection tool consisting of several interview techniques. These techniques have been examined separately but never together. Reflecting the dynamic nature of CCA we combined several of the techniques (free recall followed by a model statement, followed by a reverse order instruction, and followed by a sketch instruction). We examined the new information provided after each stage of the interview and also compared the information provided in the initial recall with the information provided after the entire interview. A total of 47 truth tellers and 47 lie tellers went on a mission. Truth tellers were asked to report their mission truthfully, whereas lie tellers were requested to lie about several aspects of the mission. We measured the total units of information (total details) provided in the interview and the number of complications reported. The results indicate that the pre-registered hypothesis (Hypothesis 1) was supported for complications. Truth tellers reported more complications than lie tellers in each stage of the interview and the difference was more pronounced after the entire interview than after the free recall. As a conclusion, CCA was an effective lie detection method when complications were taken into account.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN La evaluación cognitiva de la credibilidad (ECC) es una herramienta verbal de detección de mentiras que incluye varias técnicas de entrevista. Dichas técnicas se han examinado por separado pero nunca juntas. Para reflejar el carácter dinámico de la ECC combinamos varias de las técnicas (recuerdo libre seguido de una declaración tipo, seguido de una instrucción de recuerdo en orden inverso, y de una instrucción para que hagan un sketch -esquema- durante la narración del evento). Analizamos la información nueva proporcionada tras cada etapa de la entrevista y también comparamos la información procedente del recuerdo inicial con la aportada por toda la entrevista. Un total de 47 sujetos que decían la verdad y 47 que mentían fueron enviados a una misión. A los participantes de la condición de testimonio verdadero se les pidió que informaran de su misión de modo veraz, mientras que los de la condición de mentira se les solicitó que mintieran sobre distintos aspectos de la misión. Se midió el total de unidades de información (detalles totales) de la entrevista y el número de complicaciones de las que se informaba. Los resultados mostraron que los participantes de la condición de verdad informaban de más detalles y complicaciones (hipótesis 1) en cada fase de la entrevista siendo las mayores diferencias tras la entrevista global que tras el recuerdo libre. En conclusión, la categoría complicaciones de la ECC es eficaz en la detección de la mentira.

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          Most cited references61

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          What Are the Odds? A Practical Guide to Computing and Reporting Bayes Factors

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            Cues to deception.

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              Increasing cognitive load to facilitate lie detection: the benefit of recalling an event in reverse order.

              In two experiments, we tested the hypotheses that (a) the difference between liars and truth tellers will be greater when interviewees report their stories in reverse order than in chronological order, and (b) instructing interviewees to recall their stories in reverse order will facilitate detecting deception. In Experiment 1, 80 mock suspects told the truth or lied about a staged event and did or did not report their stories in reverse order. The reverse order interviews contained many more cues to deceit than the control interviews. In Experiment 2, 55 police officers watched a selection of the videotaped interviews of Experiment 1 and made veracity judgements. Requesting suspects to convey their stories in reverse order improved police observers' ability to detect deception and did not result in a response bias.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ejpalc
                The European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context
                The European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context
                Sociedad Española de Psicología Jurídica y Forense; Colegio Oficial de la Psicología de Madrid (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1889-1861
                1989-4007
                June 2021
                : 13
                : 1
                : 9-19
                Affiliations
                [02] Florida Miami orgnameFlorida International University USA
                [01] Portsmouth orgnameUniversity of Portsmouth United Kingdom
                Article
                S1889-18612021000100002 S1889-1861(21)01300100002
                10.5093/ejpalc2021a2
                f9d76f33-468c-45d4-a9f2-9a7c94dd8789

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 28 August 2020
                : 01 May 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 61, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Research Articles

                Reverse order,Deception,Sketch,Declaración tipo,Fuentes verificables,Cognitive credibility assessment Information gathering,Obtención de la declaración,Verifiable sources,Model statement,Sketching,Recuerdo en orden inverso,Evaluación cognitiva de la credibilidad

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