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      External Collection Devices as an Alternative to the Indwelling Urinary Catheter : Evidence-Based Review and Expert Clinical Panel Deliberations

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          Abstract

          Multiple evidence-based guidelines have suggested clinicians consider external collection devices (ECD) as alternatives to indwelling catheters. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of evidence-based resources concerning their use. An expert consensus panel was convened to review the current state of the evidence, indications for ECDs as an alternative to an indwelling urinary catheter, identify knowledge gaps, and areas for future research. This article presents the results of the expert consensus panel meeting and a systematic literature review regarding ECD use in the clinical setting.

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          Most cited references35

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          Complicated catheter-associated urinary tract infections due to Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis.

          Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) represent the most common type of nosocomial infection and are a major health concern due to the complications and frequent recurrence. These infections are often caused by Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis. Gram-negative bacterial species that cause CAUTIs express a number of virulence factors associated with adhesion, motility, biofilm formation, immunoavoidance, and nutrient acquisition as well as factors that cause damage to the host. These infections can be reduced by limiting catheter usage and ensuring that health care professionals correctly use closed-system Foley catheters. A number of novel approaches such as condom and suprapubic catheters, intermittent catheterization, new surfaces, catheters with antimicrobial agents, and probiotics have thus far met with limited success. While the diagnosis of symptomatic versus asymptomatic CAUTIs may be a contentious issue, it is generally agreed that once a catheterized patient is believed to have a symptomatic urinary tract infection, the catheter is removed if possible due to the high rate of relapse. Research focusing on the pathogenesis of CAUTIs will lead to a better understanding of the disease process and will subsequently lead to the development of new diagnosis, prevention, and treatment options.
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            Guideline for prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections 2009.

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              Diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of catheter-associated urinary tract infection in adults: 2009 International Clinical Practice Guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

              Guidelines for the diagnosis, prevention, and management of persons with catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CA-UTI), both symptomatic and asymptomatic, were prepared by an Expert Panel of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. The evidence-based guidelines encompass diagnostic criteria, strategies to reduce the risk of CA-UTIs, strategies that have not been found to reduce the incidence of urinary infections, and management strategies for patients with catheter-associated asymptomatic bacteriuria or symptomatic urinary tract infection. These guidelines are intended for use by physicians in all medical specialties who perform direct patient care, with an emphasis on the care of patients in hospitals and long-term care facilities.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs
                J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs
                WOCN
                Journal of Wound, Ostomy, and Continence Nursing
                Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
                1071-5754
                1528-3976
                May 2016
                13 May 2016
                : 43
                : 3
                : 301-307
                Affiliations
                Mikel Gray, PhD, FNP, PNP, CUNP, CCCN, FAANP, FAAN, Department of Urology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia.
                Claudia Skinner, DNP, RN, CCRN, CNML, NE-BC, St. Joseph's Health, Irvine, California.
                Wendy Kaler, MPH, Center of Excellence, Dignity Health, San Francisco, California.
                Author notes
                [*] Correspondence: Mikel Gray, PhD, FNP, PNP, CUNP, CCCN, FAANP, FAAN, Department of Urology, University of Virginia, PO Box 800422, Charlottesville, VA 22902 ( mg5k@ 123456virginia.edu ).
                Article
                wocn4303p301
                10.1097/WON.0000000000000220
                4870965
                26974963
                fa68daf4-82b3-42f0-8df1-7084f37ff1c2
                © 2016 by the Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially.

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                Continence Care
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                cauti prevention,external collection device
                cauti prevention, external collection device

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