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      The Role of Nitrogen-Efficient Cultivars in Sustainable Agriculture

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          Abstract

          To improve nitrogen (N) efficiency in agriculture, integrated N management strategies that take into consideration improved fertilizer, soil, and crop management practices are necessary. This paper reports results of field experiments in which maize (Zea mays L.) and oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars were compared with respect to their agronomic N efficiency (yield at a given N supply), N uptake efficiency (N accumulation at a given N supply), and N utilization efficiency (dry matter yield per unit N taken up by the plant). Under conditions of high N supply, significant differences among maize cultivars were found in shoot N uptake, soil nitrate depletion during the growing season, and the related losses of nitrate through leaching after the growing season. Experiments under conditions of reduced N supply indicated a considerable genotypic variation in reproductive yield formation of both maize and oilseed rape. High agronomic efficiency was achieved by a combination of high uptake and utilization efficiency (maize), or exclusively by high uptake efficiency (rape). N-efficient cultivars of both crops were characterized by maintenance of a relatively high N-uptake activity during the reproductive growth phase. In rape this trait was linked with leaf area and photosynthetic activity of leaves. We conclude that growing of N-efficient cultivars may serve as an important element of integrated nutrient management strategies in both low- and high-input agriculture.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          ScientificWorldJournal
          ScientificWorldJournal
          TSWJ
          The Scientific World Journal
          TheScientificWorldJOURNAL
          2356-6140
          1537-744X
          2001
          6 November 2001
          : 1
          : 61-69
          Affiliations
          Institute of Plant Nutrition, University of Hannover, Germany
          Author notes

          Academic Editor: Joe Wisniewski

          Article
          763414
          10.1100/tsw.2001.264
          6084540
          12805782
          fab8a8ed-0b66-4ffe-807f-44ed67bbca3f
          Copyright © 2001 Franz Weisler et al.

          This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

          History
          Funding
          Funded by: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
          Categories
          Research Article

          Uncategorized
          brassica napus,canola,cultivar,efficiency,genotype,leaching,maize,nitrate,nitrogen,oilseed rape,photosynthesis,uptake,utilization,yield,zea mays

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