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      Efectos para la salud respiratoria de los trabajadores que usan sustancias químicas en su medio laboral. Una revisión sistemática Translated title: Effects on Respiratory Health of Workers who Use Chemical Substances in their Work Environment. A Systemic Review.

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: A nivel laboral se presentan muchas afecciones en la salud de los trabajadores debido a riesgos químicos a los que están expuestos diariamente; a esto se suma la falta de compromiso de los empleadores con la salud de sus subordinados, ya que estos manejan diariamente sustancias químicas nocivas sin la debida protección personal. Objetivo: Identificar los efectos nocivos para la salud respiratoria de los trabajadores expuestos en su área laboral a sustancias químicas. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura, se consideraron artículos de investigación realizados a partir de 2014 hasta 2020. Las palabras claves fueron "trabajadores" OR "laboral" AND "contaminantes" OR "agentes" AND "enfermedad reconocida", y se revisaron artículos de bases de datos como Google académico, SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), ProQuest, Redalyc y Biblioteca Digital Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia. Conclusión: La salud de los trabajadores, sin importar en qué área laboral se desempeñen, se ve afectada en varios aspectos, los cuales pueden variar; entre ellos se encuentran los sistemas respiratorios, el sistema reproductor, el sistema nervioso, el sistema tegumentario y el sistema gastrointestinal de forma crónica o aguda. Entre los agentes más comunes causantes de las enfermedades respiratorias se reportan los pesticidas, el plomo y solventes.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: At work, there are many health conditions for workers due to chemical risks to which they are daily exposed, in addition to the lack of commitment of employers to the health of their subordinates, since they handle harmful chemical substances on a daily basis without proper personal protection. Objective: to identify the harmful effects for the respiratory health of workers exposed in their workplace to chemical substances. Methodology: A systematic review of the literature was carried out, research articles from 2014 to 2020 were considered. The keywords were "Workers" OR "Labor" AND "Contaminants" OR "Agents" AND "Recognized disease", and articles from databases such as Google Academic, SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), ProQuest, Redalyc, and the Cooperative University of Colombia Digital Library were reviewed. Conclusion: The health of workers, regardless of their work area, is affected in several aspects which may vary. Among them, the respiratory systems, the reproductive system, the nervous system, the integumentary system, and the gastrointestinal system, in a chronic or acute manner. Among the most common causative agents of respiratory diseases are pesticides, lead, and solvents.

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          Most cited references49

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          Declaración PRISMA: una propuesta para mejorar la publicación de revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis

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            Efectos de los plaguicidas sobre el ambiente y la salud

            Desde las épocas tempranas del surgimiento y desarrollo del hombre, se tuvo la necesidad de combatir las plagas que afectaban sus cultivos y productos con el uso de sustancias capaces de eliminarlos. El objetivo de este artículo es exponer los aspectos fundamentales de los plaguicidas relacionados con la salud humana y el ecosistema. Las temáticas abordadas incluyeron: la historia de su uso, la clasificación, los usos más frecuentes, los efectos sobre el medio ambiente y la salud humana y las alternativas de su empleo. Se ha acumulado suficiente evidencia de los riesgos que conlleva el uso excesivo e indiscriminado de los plaguicidas para la salud y el ambiente.
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              Indoor Air Quality in Inpatient Environments: A Systematic Review on Factors that Influence Chemical Pollution in Inpatient Wards

              Introduction Indoor air quality is one the main issues in which governments are focusing. In healing spaces, several research studies are reporting a growing number of data analysis and research works in order to guarantee and prevent health of users and workers. Currently the main investigations are about biological and physical risks; otherwise chemical ones are less investigated. Several countries are carrying out indoor air quality monitoring in those professional workplaces in which chemicals are used but also in some typically indoor (generic) spaces for the building hygiene assessment. The indoor air is affected by several factors that currently are analyzed punctually, without a whole scenario of all the variable performances. The authors have done a systematic review on the current state of the art and knowledge related to chemical pollution in healing spaces and the emerging strategies, supported by scientific literature, for healthy inpatient rooms and their indoor air. Methodology The systematic review has been done through the analysis of papers from SCOPUS, DOAJ, and PubMed databases. The survey sample considered 483 scientific articles, between 1989 and 2017, and starting the systematic reading and analysis of the abstracts, only 187 scientific papers were selected, and only 96 were accessible. Discussion Since scientific literature reports very different outputs and results, the resulting work from the survey is divided into specific fields of interest related to construction and finishing materials, installations, components, ventilation systems, processes, etc. Starting from the systematic reading, the paper classifies the factors of indoor air in four macroareas: outdoor air and microclimatic factors (temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, air change, etc.); management activities (management and maintenance activities, ventilation systems, HVAC, cleaning and disinfectant activities, etc.); design factors (room dimensions, furniture, finishing materials, etc.); and human presence and medical activities (users' presence, their health status, and medical activities carried out in inpatient rooms). Conclusion The systematic review gives rise to a broad scenario on the existing knowledge regarding the indoor air pollution, design, and management strategies for healthy spaces and several emerging topics. Although the aim of the investigation is strictly related to chemical pollution, several considerations from the biological point of view have been listed. The systematic review, supported by the existing scientific literature, becomes a starting point for considering the importance of the topic and to stimulate the knowledge around this field of interest for improving studies, analysis, and simulations.

                Author and article information

                Journal
                sun
                Revista Salud Uninorte
                Salud, Barranquilla
                Fundación Universidad del Norte, División de Ciencias de la (Barranquilla, Atlantico, Colombia )
                0120-5552
                2011-7531
                August 2022
                : 38
                : 2
                : 560-585
                Affiliations
                [1] Santa Marta orgnameUniversidad Cooperativa de Colombia Colombia yolima.pertuz@ 123456campusucc.edu.co
                [2] Santa Marta orgnameUniversidad Cooperativa de Colombia Colombia maria.rebolledoca@ 123456campusucc.edu.co
                [3] Santa Marta orgnameUniversidad Cooperativa de Colombia Colombia hamer.vasquezbro@ 123456campusucc.edu.co
                [4] Santa Marta orgnameUniversidad Cooperativa de Colombia Colombia maria.gilesca@ 123456campusucc.edu.co
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6928-4249
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6071-1312
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5381-3713
                Article
                S0120-55522022000200560 S0120-5552(22)03800200560
                10.14482/sun.38.2.616.2
                fab9ce19-9d7d-4477-ba0d-56f326a44879

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 25 April 2021
                : 12 October 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 51, Pages: 26
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Revisión Sistemática

                trabajadores,laboral,contaminantes,agentes,enfermedad (DeCS),Workers,labor,pollutants,agents,disease

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