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      Self-Harm and Suicidal Behaviors in Hong Kong Adolescents: Prevalence and Psychosocial Correlates

      research-article
      Author(s): 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , * , 1
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: The Scientific World Journal
      Publisher: The Scientific World Journal

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          Abstract

          The present paper examined the prevalence and psychosocial correlates of adolescent deliberate self-harm (DSH) and suicidal behavior in a representative sample of 3,328 secondary school students in Hong Kong. With reference to the previous year, 32.7% of the students reported at least one form of DSH, 13.7% of the respondents had suicide thoughts, 4.9% devised specific suicidal plans, and 4.7% had actually attempted suicide. Adolescent girls had significantly higher rates of DSH and suicidal behavior than did adolescent boys. Having remarried parents was related to an increased likelihood of DSH and suicide. While high levels of family functioning, overall positive youth development, and academic and school performance predicted low rates of DSH and suicidal behavior, cognitive and behavioral competencies were unexpectedly found to be positively associated with DSH and suicidal behavior. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.

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          Non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents: diagnostic correlates and relation to suicide attempts.

          M. Nock, T JOINERJR, K. Gordon … (2006)
          Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a prevalent behavioral problem, yet many fundamental aspects of NSSI remain unknown. This case series study reports on the diagnostic correlates of adolescents with a recent history of NSSI and examines the relation between NSSI and suicide attempts. Data are from clinical interviews with 89 adolescents admitted to an adolescent psychiatric inpatient unit who engaged in NSSI in the previous 12 months. Results revealed that 87.6% of adolescents engaging in NSSI met criteria for a DSM-IV Axis I diagnosis (M=3.0, S.D.=2.2, range=0 to 8 diagnoses), including externalizing (62.9%), internalizing (51.7%), and substance use (59.6%) disorders. Most adolescents assessed also met criteria for an Axis II personality disorder (67.3%). Overall, 70% of adolescents engaging in NSSI reported a lifetime suicide attempt and 55% reported multiple attempts. Characteristics of NSSI associated with making suicide attempts included a longer history of NSSI, use of a greater number of methods, and absence of physical pain during NSSI. These findings demonstrate the diagnostic heterogeneity of adolescents engaging in NSSI, highlight the significant overlap between NSSI and suicide attempts, and provide a point of departure for future research aimed at elucidating the relations between non-suicidal and suicidal self-injury.
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            Self-injurious behaviors in a college population.

            Janis Whitlock, John Eckenrode, Daniel Silverman (2006)
            The goal was to assess the prevalence, forms, demographic and mental health correlates of self-injurious behaviors in a representative college sample. A random sample of undergraduate and graduate students at 2 northeastern US universities were invited to participate in an Internet-based survey in the spring of 2005. Thirty-seven percent of the 8300 invited participants responded. The lifetime prevalence rate of having > or =1 self-injurious behavior incident was 17.0%. Seventy-five percent of those students engaged in self-injurious behaviors more than once. Thirty-six percent reported that no one knew about their self-injurious behaviors and only 3.29% indicated that a physician knew. Compared with non-self-injurers, those with repeat self-injurious behavior incidents were more likely to be female, bisexual or questioning their sexual orientation. They were less likely to be Asian/Asian American and >24 years of age. When controlling for demographic characteristics, those with repeat self-injurious behavior incidents were more likely to report a history of emotional abuse or sexual abuse, ever having considered or attempted suicide, elevated levels of psychological distress, and > or =1 characteristic of an eating disorder. A dose-response gradient was evident in each of these areas when single-incident self-injurious behaviors were compared with repeat-incident self-injurious behaviors. A substantial number of college students reported self-injurious behaviors in their lifetimes. Many of the behaviors occurred among individuals who had never been in therapy for any reason and who only rarely disclosed their self-injurious behaviors to anyone. Single self-injurious behavior incidents were correlated with a history of abuse and comorbid adverse health conditions but less strongly than were repeat self-injurious behavior incidents. The reticence of these clients to seek help or advice renders it critical that medical and mental health providers find effective strategies for detecting and addressing self-injurious behaviors.
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              Measurement of Deliberate Self-Harm: Preliminary Data on the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory

              Kim L. Gratz (2001)
              Article 0 comments Cited 151 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): ScientificWorldJournal
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): ScientificWorldJournal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): TSWJ
                Title: The Scientific World Journal
                Publisher: The Scientific World Journal
                ISSN (Electronic): 1537-744X
                Publication date Collection: 2012
                Publication date (Electronic): 1 April 2012
                Volume: 2012
                Electronic Location Identifier: 932540
                Affiliations
                1Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
                2Public Policy Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
                3Department of Social Work, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200000, China
                4Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Macau
                5Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Kentucky Children's Hospital, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
                Author notes

                Academic Editor: Joav Merrick

                Article
                DOI: 10.1100/2012/932540
                PMC ID: 3322490
                PubMed ID: 22566783
                SO-VID: faedfd86-6112-4300-983f-370cf2f4f0d9
                Copyright © Copyright © 2012 D. T. L. Shek and L. Yu.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 1 August 2011
                Date accepted : 19 August 2011
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized
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                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized

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