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      Inserción accidental de catéter para hemodiálisis en vena cava superior izquierda persistente Translated title: Accidental implantation of hemodialysis catheter in persistent left superior vena cava

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          Abstract

          La implantación de catéteres centrales para hemodiálisis en pacientes con falla renal es una práctica común. El acceso venoso por punción percutánea de la vena yugular interna es la ruta más recomendada debido a que genera el menor porcentaje de estenosis. La punción de la vena yugular interna derecha es la más conveniente por su trayecto vertical hacia la aurícula derecha, pero en ocasiones su canalización es imposible siendo necesario puncionar la vena yugular interna izquierda, la cual se continúa con la vena innominada desembocando en la cava superior, de ahí que su trayecto sea muy tortuoso. Se describen tres casos en los cuales el catéter yugular interno izquierdo que se insertó para realizar hemodiálisis, accidentalmente canalizó la vena cava superior izquierda anormalmente persistente. En todos los casos y antes de proceder con la hemodiálisis se demostró bien sea por gases del vaso puncionado, ecocardiograma o medio de contraste que el catéter se encontraba posicionado en el sistema venoso que drena en la aurícula derecha.

          Translated abstract

          The implantation of central catheters for hemodialysis in patients with renal failure is a common practice. The venous access to the internal jugular vein through percutaneous puncture is the most recommended procedure because it produces the lowest percentage of stenosis. The right internal jugular vein puncture is the most appropriate one because it goes directly in vertical direction into the right atrium, but in some cases its canalization is impossible making it necessary to puncture the left internal jugular vein, the one next to the innominated vein that ends in the superior cava, with the result that its path is much curved. 3 cases in which the left intern jugular catheter that was inserted to perform hemodialysis accidentally canalized the anomaly in the persistent left superior vena cava were presented. In all the cases and before proceeding with the hemodialysis it was demonstrated by the gases of the punctuated vessel, echocardiogram or contrast medium that the catheter was positioned in the venous system that drains in the right atrium.

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          Most cited references19

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          Left-sided superior vena cava: a not-so-unusual vascular anomaly discovered during central venous and pulmonary artery catheterization.

          To report our ICU experience with patients noted to have a left-sided superior vena cava after central venous and pulmonary artery catheterization. Retrospective review. Surgical ICUs in a University and Veterans Administration Medical Center. Five patients who had insertion of central venous or pulmonary artery catheters were noted to have abnormal placement. Five patients were noted to have a left-sided superior vena cava that was not appreciated on preinsertion radiography after central venous (two patients) or pulmonary artery catheterization (three patients). The finding of left-sided superior vena cava was confirmed by computed tomography scan (one patient), transesophageal echocardiography (one patient), bolus contrast injection (two patients), and intraoperative inspection (one patient). Left-sided superior vena cava occurs infrequently, most often in association with a right-sided superior vena cava. It is often associated with cardiac septal defects. The intensivist should be aware of its occurrence in order to not mistake catheters placed in it as being present in the arterial circulation or malpositioned outside of the venous circulation.
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            Unusual placement of a dialysis catheter: persistent left superior vena cava.

            Many nephrologists perform clinical procedures, and perhaps the most common is placement of a noncuffed dialysis catheter to obtain vascular access necessary for immediate hemodialysis therapy. The right internal jugular vein frequently is the site of choice for placement of such catheters in most patients, but placement in the left internal jugular vein would not be unusual; for example, if another central catheter is present in the right internal jugular vein or there has been a failed attempt at that site. Nephrologists who place hemodialysis catheters in the left internal jugular vein should be aware of the existence of an anatomic variant, a persistent left superior vena cava, to prevent alarming misinterpretation and inappropriate clinical responses to routine chest radiographs taken to confirm adequate placement of such catheters.
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              Persistent left superior vena cava: an incidental finding during central venous catheterization: a case report

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                amc
                Acta Medica Colombiana
                Acta Med Colomb
                Asociacion Colombiana de Medicina Interna (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                0120-2448
                December 2007
                : 32
                : 4
                : 227-230
                Affiliations
                [02] Manizales orgnameUniversidades de Caldas
                [01] orgnameRTS Ltda. Sucursal Caldas
                Article
                S0120-24482007000400007 S0120-2448(07)03200407
                faf36343-2df0-42af-b558-66221e0ce3cd

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 29 August 2007
                : 02 April 2007
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 12, Pages: 4
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Presentación de casos

                falla renal,renal failure,hemodialysis,persistent left superior vena cava,hemodiálisis,vena cava superior izquierda persistente

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