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      International Journal of Nanomedicine (submit here)

      This international, peer-reviewed Open Access journal by Dove Medical Press focuses on the application of nanotechnology in diagnostics, therapeutics, and drug delivery systems throughout the biomedical field. Sign up for email alerts here.

      105,621 Monthly downloads/views I 7.033 Impact Factor I 10.9 CiteScore I 1.22 Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP) I 1.032 Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)

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      Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles As MRI Contrast Agents In Tumor Multimodal Imaging And Therapy

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          Abstract

          Contrast agents (CAs) play a crucial role in high-quality magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications. At present, as a result of the Gd-based CAs which are associated with renal fibrosis as well as the inherent dark imaging characteristics of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, Mn-based CAs which have a good biocompatibility and bright images are considered ideal for MRI. In addition, manganese oxide nanoparticles (MONs, such as MnO, MnO 2, Mn 3O 4, and MnO x) have attracted attention as T1-weighted magnetic resonance CAs due to the short circulation time of Mn(II) ion chelate and the size-controlled circulation time of colloidal nanoparticles. In this review, recent advances in the use of MONs as MRI contrast agents for tumor detection and diagnosis are reported, as are the advances in in vivo toxicity, distribution and tumor microenvironment-responsive enhanced tumor chemotherapy and radiotherapy as well as photothermal and photodynamic therapies.

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          Nanotechnology for Multimodal Synergistic Cancer Therapy.

          Xiaoyuan Chen, Peng Huang, Bryant Yung … (2017)
          The complexity, diversity, and heterogeneity of tumors seriously undermine the therapeutic potential of treatment. Therefore, the current trend in clinical research has gradually shifted from a focus on monotherapy to combination therapy for enhanced treatment efficacy. More importantly, the cooperative enhancement interactions between several types of monotherapy contribute to the naissance of multimodal synergistic therapy, which results in remarkable superadditive (namely "1 + 1 > 2") effects, stronger than any single therapy or their theoretical combination. In this review, state-of-the-art studies concerning recent advances in nanotechnology-mediated multimodal synergistic therapy will be systematically discussed, with an emphasis on the construction of multifunctional nanomaterials for realizing bimodal and trimodal synergistic therapy as well as the intensive exploration of the underlying synergistic mechanisms for explaining the significant improvements in synergistic therapeutic outcome. Furthermore, the featured applications of multimodal synergistic therapy in overcoming tumor multidrug resistance, hypoxia, and metastasis will also be discussed in detail, which may provide new ways for the efficient regression and even elimination of drug resistant, hypoxic solid, or distant metastatic tumors. Finally, some design tips for multifunctional nanomaterials and an outlook on the future development of multimodal synergistic therapy will be provided, highlighting key scientific issues and technical challenges and requiring remediation to accelerate clinical translation.
          Article 0 comments Cited 469 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Simultaneous Fenton-like Ion Delivery and Glutathione Depletion by MnO2 -Based Nanoagent to Enhance Chemodynamic Therapy

            Zhen Yang, Wei Tang, Gang Niu … (2018)
            Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) utilizes iron-initiated Fenton chemistry to destroy tumor cells by converting endogenous H2 O2 into the highly toxic hydroxyl radical (. OH). There is a paucity of Fenton-like metal-based CDT agents. Intracellular glutathione (GSH) with . OH scavenging ability greatly reduces CDT efficacy. A self-reinforcing CDT nanoagent based on MnO2 is reported that has both Fenton-like Mn2+ delivery and GSH depletion properties. In the presence of HCO3- , which is abundant in the physiological medium, Mn2+ exerts Fenton-like activity to generate . OH from H2 O2 . Upon uptake of MnO2 -coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MS@MnO2 NPs) by cancer cells, the MnO2 shell undergoes a redox reaction with GSH to form glutathione disulfide and Mn2+ , resulting in GSH depletion-enhanced CDT. This, together with the GSH-activated MRI contrast effect and dissociation of MnO2 , allows MS@MnO2 NPs to achieve MRI-monitored chemo-chemodynamic combination therapy.
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              Synthesis of Iron Nanometallic Glasses and Their Application in Cancer Therapy by a Localized Fenton Reaction.

              Heliang Yao, Jiawen Zhang, Zhenwei Yao … (2016)
              Metallic glasses and cancer theranostics are emerging fields that do not seem to be related to each other. Herein, we report the facile synthesis of amorphous iron nanoparticles (AFeNPs) and their superior physicochemical properties compared to their crystalline counterpart, iron nanocrystals (FeNCs). The AFeNPs can be used for cancer theranostics by inducing a Fenton reaction in the tumor by taking advantage of the mild acidity and the overproduced H2 O2 in a tumor microenvironment: Ionization of the AFeNPs enables on-demand ferrous ion release in the tumor, and subsequent H2 O2 disproportionation leads to efficient (.)OH generation. The endogenous stimuli-responsive (.)OH generation in the presence AFeNPs enables a highly specific cancer therapy without the need for external energy input.
              Article 0 comments Cited 336 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Nanomedicine
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Nanomedicine
                Journal ID (publisher-id): IJN
                Journal ID (pmc): intjnano
                Title: International Journal of Nanomedicine
                Publisher: Dove
                ISSN (Print): 1176-9114
                ISSN (Electronic): 1178-2013
                Publication date (Electronic): 21 October 2019
                Publication date Collection: 2019
                Volume: 14
                Pages: 8321-8344
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University , Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Yonghua Zhan Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University , Xi’an, Shaanxi710071, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 29 81891070Fax +86 29 81891060 Email yhzhan@xidian.edu.cn
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5747-3349
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3563-0569
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3898-9892
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3883-3441
                Article
                Publisher ID: 218085
                DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S218085
                PMC ID: 6814316
                PubMed ID: 31695370
                SO-VID: faf58774-b1b9-406e-b3ce-a3a1bf553710
                Copyright © © 2019 Cai et al.
                License:

                This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms ( https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).

                History
                Date received : 02 June 2019
                Date accepted : 02 October 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 7, Tables: 2, References: 131, Pages: 24
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Molecular medicine
                Keywords: manganese oxide nanoparticles,mri,multimodal imaging,contrast agent,tumor therapy
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Molecular medicine
                Keywords: manganese oxide nanoparticles, mri, multimodal imaging, contrast agent, tumor therapy

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