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      Evaluation of the use of Leptodactylus ocellatus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) frog tissues as bioindicator of metal contamination in Contas River, Northeastern Brazil

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          Abstract

          This paper presents a study on the viability of the use of tissues of the Leptodactylus ocellatus species (Anura Leptodactylidae) as a bioindicator of metal pollution. The study is based on the determination and correlation of the concentrations of manganese, chromium, zinc, nickel, copper and iron in sediments and tissues (skin, muscles and viscera) of the frog Leptodactylus ocellatus collected in the middle region of the Contas River in Bahia, Brazil. The highest levels of the metals studied were found in the viscera of this animal. In this tissue, a higher correlation of the concentration of these metals with those found in sediments was also observed. The concentrations of elements found in the skin and muscles of these amphibians have revealed no correlation with the sediment where they were collected. According to the results obtained, the viscera of the L. ocellatus species presents itself as a good bioindicator of contamination by the metals studied.

          Translated abstract

          Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a viabilidade de uso de tecidos da espécie Leptodactylus ocellatus (Anura Leptodactylidae) como um bioindicador de poluição por metais. O estudo baseia-se na determinação e correlação das concentrações de manganês, crômio, zinco, níquel, cobre e ferro em sedimentos e tecidos (peles, músculos e vísceras) da rã Leptodactylus ocellatus coletadas na região do médio Rio das Contas, no leste da Bahia. Os mais altos níveis dos metais estudados foram encontrados nas vísceras deste animal. Neste tecido, altas correlações das concentrações destes metais com aquelas encontrados nos sedimentos foram observadas. As concentrações dos elementos encontrados na pele e músculos destes anfíbios não revelaram correlação com os sedimentos onde estes foram coletados. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, as vísceras da espécie L. ocellatus se constituem um bom indicador de contaminação pelos metais estudados.

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          Most cited references19

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          Iron and zinc interactions in humans.

          Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world; zinc deficiency is associated with poor growth and development and impaired immune response. Several Third World countries are taking measures to increase the dietary intake of iron and zinc with fortification of foods or dietary supplements. Several studies showed that high iron concentrations can negatively affect zinc absorption in adults when these trace minerals are given in solution. However, when iron and zinc are given in a meal, this effect is not observed. Solomons (J Nutr 1986;116:927-35) postulated that the total amount of ionic species affects the absorption of zinc and that a total dose of >25 mg Fe may produce a measurable effect on zinc absorption. This could occur if iron supplements are taken with a meal, and iron experts recommend that iron supplements be taken between meals. Recent studies using stable isotopes showed that fortifying foods with iron at current fortification amounts has no adverse effect on zinc absorption. There are 5 zinc salts listed as generally recommended as safe (GRAS) by the US Food and Drug Administration for food fortification. From 1970 to 1987, the total amount of zinc salts used in food continually increased, with zinc oxide and zinc sulfate showing the largest increases. Twelve iron sources are listed as GRAS; elemental iron has become the source of choice because it is less expensive to produce and has fewer organoleptic problems. Use of ferrous fumarate is also increasing.
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            Teratogenesis, toxicity, and bioconcentration in frogs exposed to dieldrin

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              Freshwater Biomonitoring and Benthic Macroinvertebrates

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                aabc
                Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
                An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.
                Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Rio de Janeiro )
                1678-2690
                December 2014
                : 86
                : 4
                : 1549-1561
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia Brazil
                Article
                S0001-37652014000401549
                10.1590/0001-3765201420130357
                fb0038a6-b956-4d55-ba8d-a4bca9e1265e

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0001-3765&lng=en
                Categories
                MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

                Leptodactylus ocellatus,bioindicators,sediments,metals,Contas River,bioindicadores,sedimentos,metais,Rio de Contas

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