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      The clustering of galaxies in the completed SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Cosmological implications of the configuration-space clustering wedges

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          Is Open Access

          Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters

          We present the first results based on Planck measurements of the CMB temperature and lensing-potential power spectra. The Planck spectra at high multipoles are extremely well described by the standard spatially-flat six-parameter LCDM cosmology. In this model Planck data determine the cosmological parameters to high precision. We find a low value of the Hubble constant, H0=67.3+/-1.2 km/s/Mpc and a high value of the matter density parameter, Omega_m=0.315+/-0.017 (+/-1 sigma errors) in excellent agreement with constraints from baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) surveys. Including curvature, we find that the Universe is consistent with spatial flatness to percent-level precision using Planck CMB data alone. We present results from an analysis of extensions to the standard cosmology, using astrophysical data sets in addition to Planck and high-resolution CMB data. None of these models are favoured significantly over standard LCDM. The deviation of the scalar spectral index from unity is insensitive to the addition of tensor modes and to changes in the matter content of the Universe. We find a 95% upper limit of r<0.11 on the tensor-to-scalar ratio. There is no evidence for additional neutrino-like relativistic particles. Using BAO and CMB data, we find N_eff=3.30+/-0.27 for the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom, and an upper limit of 0.23 eV for the summed neutrino mass. Our results are in excellent agreement with big bang nucleosynthesis and the standard value of N_eff=3.046. We find no evidence for dynamical dark energy. Despite the success of the standard LCDM model, this cosmology does not provide a good fit to the CMB power spectrum at low multipoles, as noted previously by the WMAP team. While not of decisive significance, this is an anomaly in an otherwise self-consistent analysis of the Planck temperature data.
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            Cosmological parameters from CMB and other data: a Monte-Carlo approach

            We present a fast Markov Chain Monte-Carlo exploration of cosmological parameter space. We perform a joint analysis of results from recent CMB experiments and provide parameter constraints, including sigma_8, from the CMB independent of other data. We next combine data from the CMB, HST Key Project, 2dF galaxy redshift survey, supernovae Ia and big-bang nucleosynthesis. The Monte Carlo method allows the rapid investigation of a large number of parameters, and we present results from 6 and 9 parameter analyses of flat models, and an 11 parameter analysis of non-flat models. Our results include constraints on the neutrino mass (m_nu < 0.3eV), equation of state of the dark energy, and the tensor amplitude, as well as demonstrating the effect of additional parameters on the base parameter constraints. In a series of appendices we describe the many uses of importance sampling, including computing results from new data and accuracy correction of results generated from an approximate method. We also discuss the different ways of converting parameter samples to parameter constraints, the effect of the prior, assess the goodness of fit and consistency, and describe the use of analytic marginalization over normalization parameters.
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              Accelerating Universes with Scaling Dark Matter

              Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universes with a presently large fraction of the energy density stored in an \(X\)-component with \(w_X<-1/3\), are considered. We find all the critical points of the system for constant equations of state in that range. We consider further several background quantities that can distinguish the models with different \(w_X\) values. Using a simple toy model with a varying equation of state, we show that even a large variation of \(w_X\) at small redshifts is very difficult to observe with \(d_L(z)\) measurements up to \(z\sim 1\). Therefore, it will require accurate measurements in the range \(1
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
                Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.
                Oxford University Press (OUP)
                0035-8711
                1365-2966
                October 27 2016
                January 11 2017
                January 11 2017
                January 11 2017
                January 11 2017
                September 28 2016
                : 464
                : 2
                : 1640-1658
                Article
                10.1093/mnras/stw2443
                fb7abe68-d346-4405-aa1b-566766d13023
                © 2016
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