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      Individual neon tetras (Paracheirodon innesi, Myers) optimise their position in the group depending on external selective contexts: Lesson learned from a fish-robot hybrid school

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      Biosystems Engineering
      Elsevier BV

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          Particle swarm optimization

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            Fish exploiting vortices decrease muscle activity.

            Fishes moving through turbulent flows or in formation are regularly exposed to vortices. Although animals living in fluid environments commonly capture energy from vortices, experimental data on the hydrodynamics and neural control of interactions between fish and vortices are lacking. We used quantitative flow visualization and electromyography to show that trout will adopt a novel mode of locomotion to slalom in between experimentally generated vortices by activating only their anterior axial muscles. Reduced muscle activity during vortex exploitation compared with the activity of fishes engaged in undulatory swimming suggests a decrease in the cost of locomotion and provides a mechanism to understand the patterns of fish distributions in schools and riverine environments.
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              Geometry for the selfish herd.

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
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                Journal
                Biosystems Engineering
                Biosystems Engineering
                Elsevier BV
                15375110
                April 2021
                April 2021
                : 204
                : 170-180
                Article
                10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2021.01.021
                fb7f12c5-36a9-4607-a201-4526dba56f84
                © 2021

                https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/

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