33
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Studies of Antiviral Activity and Cytotoxicity of Wrightia tinctoria and Morinda citrifolia

      other

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Different extracts of leaf parts of Wrightia tinctoria and fruit powder of Morinda citrifolia have been studied against replication of HIV-1(IIIB) in MT-4 cells and HCV in Huh 5.2 cells. Chloroform extract of Wrightia tinctoria exhibited a maximum protection of 48% against the cytopathic effect of HIV-1(IIIB) in MT-4 cells. Fruit juice of Morinda citrifolia exhibited a displayed marked cytotoxic activity in lymphocyte (MT-4) cells (CC50: 0.19 mg/ml). The 50% effective concentration for inhibition of HCV subgenomic replicon replication in Huh 5-2 cells by Morinda citrifolia was 0.98 μg/ml and by chloroform extract of Wrightia tinctoria was 10 μg/ml. The concentration that reduced the growth of exponentially proliferating Huh 5-2 cells by 50% was greater than 50 μg/ml.

          Related collections

          Most cited references13

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Rapid and automated tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay for the detection of anti-HIV compounds.

          A rapid, sensitive and automated assay procedure was developed for the in vitro evaluation of anti-HIV agents. An HTLV-I transformed T4-cell line, MT-4, which was previously shown by Koyanagi et al. (1985) to be highly susceptible to, and permissive for, HIV infection, served as the target cell line. Inhibition of the HIV-induced cytopathic effect was used as the end point. The viability of both HIV- and mock-infected cells was assessed spectrophotometrically via the in situ reduction of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). The procedure was optimized as to make optimal use of multichannel pipettes, microprocessor-controlled dispensing and optical density reading. The absorbance ratio of the mock-infected control to the HIV-infected samples was about 20. This allowed an accurate determination of the 50% effective doses, as demonstrated for 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT), 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddCyd), dextran sulfate and heparin. The technique significantly reduced labor time as compared to the trypan blue exclusion method, and permits the evaluation of large numbers of compounds for their anti-HIV activity.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Morinda citrifolia (Noni): a literature review and recent advances in Noni research.

            Morinda citrifolia L (Noni) has been used in folk remedies by Polynesians for over 2000 years, and is reported to have a broad range of therapeutic effects, including antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antitumor, antihelmin, analgesic, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory, and immune enhancing effects. In order to reveal the nutritional and medicinal value of the Noni plant, and to summarize scientific evidence that supports the Polynesians' claim, a literature review and recent advances in Noni research is given below.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Characterization of cell lines carrying self-replicating hepatitis C virus RNAs.

              Subgenomic selectable RNAs of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) have recently been shown to self-replicate to high levels in the human hepatoma cell line Huh-7 (V. Lohmann, F. Körner, J. O. Koch, U. Herian, L. Theilmann, and R. Bartenschlager, Science 285:110-113, 1999). Taking advantage of this cell culture system that allows analyses of the interplay between HCV replication and the host cell, in this study we characterized two replicon-harboring cell lines that have been cultivated for more than 1 year. During this time, we observed no signs of cytopathogenicity such as reduction of growth rates or ultrastructural changes. High levels of HCV RNAs were preserved in cells passaged under continuous selection. When selective pressure was omitted replicon levels dropped, but depending on culture conditions the RNAs persisted for more than 10 months. A tight coupling of the amounts of HCV RNA and proteins to host cell growth was observed. Highest levels were found in exponentially growing cells, followed by a sharp decline in resting cells, suggesting that cellular factors required for RNA replication and/or translation vary in abundance and become limiting in resting cells. Studies of polyprotein processing revealed rapid cleavages at the NS3/4A and NS5A/B sites resulting in a rather stable NS4AB5A precursor that was processed slowly into individual products. Half-lives (t(1/2)s) of mature proteins ranged from 10 to 16 h, with the exception of the hyperphosphorylated form of NS5A, which was less stable (t(1/2), approximately 7 h). Results of immunoelectron microscopy revealed an association of the majority of viral proteins with membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum, suggesting that this is the site of RNA replication. In summary, replicon-bearing cells are a good model for viral persistence, and they allow the study of various aspects of the HCV life cycle.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Indian J Pharm Sci
                IJPhS
                Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
                Medknow Publications (India )
                0250-474X
                1998-3743
                Nov-Dec 2009
                : 71
                : 6
                : 670-672
                Affiliations
                Arulmigu Kalasalingam College of Pharmacy, Anand Nagar, Krishnankoil, 626 190, India
                [1 ]Institute of Pharmacology, Madurai Medical College, Madurai-625 020, India
                [2 ]Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit-Leuven and IRC Kulak Kapucijnenvoer 33, Leuven B-3000, Flanders, Belgium
                [3 ]Raga Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit-Leuven Minderbroederstraat 10, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
                Author notes
                [* ] Address for correspondence E-mail: periyasamy_selvam@ 123456yahoo.co.in
                Article
                IJPhS-71-670
                10.4103/0250-474X.59550
                2846473
                20376221
                fc5d47bc-eeab-4a33-a40a-37108e865691
                © Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 14 August 2007
                : 14 August 2009
                : 22 November 2009
                Categories
                Short Communications

                Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                antihiv activity,wrightia tinctoria,antihcv activity,morinda citrifolia

                Comments

                Comment on this article