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      El análisis de incidentes críticos como método de estudio de los conflictos interculturales Translated title: Critical Incident Analysis As a Method for Studying Intercultural Conflicts

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          Abstract

          En la actualidad, la globalización económica y el consecuente aumento de la desigual en la distribución de recursos entre el hemisferio norte y sur inciden en el incremento y transformación de los flujos migratorios que modelan las sociedades modernas. El estudio que presentamos pone de relieve la validez del análisis de incidentes críticos -AIC- (Flanagan, 1954; cohen-Emerique, 1999; Arthur, 2001) como herramienta de estudio de los elementos estructurales de los conflictos interculturales. Esta técnica permite profundizar en las culturas que interactúan, facilitando la adquisición de competencia cultural (Maya-Jariego, 2002). Fueron analizados 95 incidentes críticos tomados en dos contextos de formación diferenciados. Los resultados apuntan a la importancia de determinadas áreas de fricción cultural como detonantes del conflicto. Entre las más destacadas se señalan: a. los procesos de comunicación intercultural (Gudykunst & Nishida, 2001; Gudykunst, Nishida & chua, 1986), b. los roles de género (Best, 2001; Best & Williams, 2001), c. el cumplimiento de preceptos mágico-religiosos en el ámbito público y d. la influencia de los prejuicios y estereotipos (Leyens, Yzerbit & Schandron, 1994) en la génesis y desenlace del conflicto. Finalmente, se indican algunas lecciones aprendidas sobre el abordaje del estudio de los conflictos interculturales.

          Translated abstract

          At this moment economic globalization and the increase of inequal distribution of resources in the society, provoke the speed up of the evolution and change of the migration flows that shape modern society. The study presented stands out the validity of the Critical Incident Method -CIM (Flanagan, 1954, Cohen-Emerique, 1999; Arthur, 2001) as a study tool of structural elements of intercultural conflicts. This method allows in depth knowledge of cultures that interact to facilitate the acquisition of cultural competence (Maya-Jariego, 2002). A total of 95 critical incidents collected in two different formation contexts were analized. The results point to the importance of certain areas of cultural friction as triggers of conflict. The most important areas of cultural friction have been: a) the intercultural communication barriers (Gudykunst & Nishida, 2001; Gudykunst, Nishida & Chua, 1986), b) gender roles (Best, 2001; Best & Williams, 2001), c) the expression of magical-religious precepts in public and d) the influence of prejudice and stereotypes (Leyens, Yzerbit & Schandron, 1994) in the genesis and outcome of the conflict. Finally, some learnt lessons about study of intercultural conflicts are exposed.

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          The critical incident technique.

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            The Process of Cultural Competence in the Delivery of Healthcare Services: a model of care.

            Several models of service care delivery have emerged to meet the challenges of providing health care to our growing multi-ethnic world. This article will present Campinha-Bacote's model of cultural competence in health care delivery: The Process of Cultural Competence in the Delivery of Healthcare Services. This model views cultural competence as the ongoing process in which the health care provider continuously strives to achieve the ability to effectively work within the cultural context of the client (individual, family, community). This ongoing process involves the integration of cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, cultural skill, cultural encounters, and cultural desire.
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              Intergroup Anxiety

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                diver
                Diversitas
                Diversitas
                Universidad Santo Tomás (Bogotá, , Colombia )
                1794-9998
                June 2011
                : 7
                : 1
                : 143-159
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidad de Sevilla España
                Article
                S1794-99982011000100010 S1794-9998(11)00700110
                fd0b2517-60dd-4f7a-b16e-39b679fdd04d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 August 2010
                : 08 October 2010
                : 15 May 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 17
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Artículos

                análisis de incidentes críticos,cultural shock,intercultural conflict,cultural competence,critical incident analysis,choque cultural,conflicto intercultural,competencia cultural

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