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      Cryptocarya kaengkrachanensis , a new species of Lauraceae from Kaeng Krachan National Park, southwest Thailand

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          Abstract

          Abstract

          A new species of Lauraceae , Cryptocarya kaengkrachanensis M.Z.Zhang, Yahara & Tagane, from Kaeng Krachan National Park, Phetchaburi Province, southwestern Thailand, is described and illustrated. This species is morphologically most similar to C. amygdalina in that its leaves are pinnately veined, leathery, and apparently glabrous (but microscopically hairy) abaxially, twigs are yellowish brown hairy, and fruits are 1.36 to 1.85 times longer than width. However, C. kaengkrachanensis is distinguished from C. amygdalina in having the leaves of ovate and elliptic (vs. oblong-lanceolate) with leaf aspect ratio (length:width) from 1.38 to 2.28 (vs. 2.46–3.43), and ovoid fruits (vs. ellipsoid) with stalk distinctly swollen (vs. not or only slightly swollen). In addition, phylogenetic trees constructed based on internal transcribed spacer sequences (ITS) and genome-wide SNPs using MIG-seq showed that C. kaengkrachanensis is not sister to C. amygdalina and is distinct from all the other Cryptocarya species hitherto recognized in Thailand. Analysis including other species demonstrates that C. floribunda should be a synonym of C. amygdalina , but we recognize C. scortechinii as a distinct species.

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          A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue

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            Plant DNA barcodes and a community phylogeny of a tropical forest dynamics plot in Panama.

            The assembly of DNA barcode libraries is particularly relevant within species-rich natural communities for which accurate species identifications will enable detailed ecological forensic studies. In addition, well-resolved molecular phylogenies derived from these DNA barcode sequences have the potential to improve investigations of the mechanisms underlying community assembly and functional trait evolution. To date, no studies have effectively applied DNA barcodes sensu strictu in this manner. In this report, we demonstrate that a three-locus DNA barcode when applied to 296 species of woody trees, shrubs, and palms found within the 50-ha Forest Dynamics Plot on Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama, resulted in >98% correct identifications. These DNA barcode sequences are also used to reconstruct a robust community phylogeny employing a supermatrix method for 281 of the 296 plant species in the plot. The three-locus barcode data were sufficient to reliably reconstruct evolutionary relationships among the plant taxa in the plot that are congruent with the broadly accepted phylogeny of flowering plants (APG II). Earlier work on the phylogenetic structure of the BCI forest dynamics plot employing less resolved phylogenies reveals significant differences in evolutionary and ecological inferences compared with our data and suggests that unresolved community phylogenies may have increased type I and type II errors. These results illustrate how highly resolved phylogenies based on DNA barcode sequence data will enhance research focused on the interface between community ecology and evolution.
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              MIG-seq: an effective PCR-based method for genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping using the next-generation sequencing platform

              Restriction-enzyme (RE)-based next-generation sequencing methods have revolutionized marker-assisted genetic studies; however, the use of REs has limited their widespread adoption, especially in field samples with low-quality DNA and/or small quantities of DNA. Here, we developed a PCR-based procedure to construct reduced representation libraries without RE digestion steps, representing de novo single-nucleotide polymorphism discovery, and its genotyping using next-generation sequencing. Using multiplexed inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers, thousands of genome-wide regions were amplified effectively from a wide variety of genomes, without prior genetic information. We demonstrated: 1) Mendelian gametic segregation of the discovered variants; 2) reproducibility of genotyping by checking its applicability for individual identification; and 3) applicability in a wide variety of species by checking standard population genetic analysis. This approach, called multiplexed ISSR genotyping by sequencing, should be applicable to many marker-assisted genetic studies with a wide range of DNA qualities and quantities.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                PhytoKeys
                PhytoKeys
                3
                urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:F7FCE910-8E78-573F-9C77-7788555F8AAD
                PhytoKeys
                Pensoft Publishers
                1314-2011
                1314-2003
                2020
                04 March 2020
                : 140
                : 139-157
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Biology, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
                [2 ] The Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima University, 1-21-30 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan Kagoshima University Kagoshima Japan
                [3 ] Forest Herbarium, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand Department of National Parks Bangkok Thailand
                [4 ] Kawatabi Field Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 232-3 Yomogida, Naruko-onsen, Osaki, Miyagi 989-6711, Japan Tohoku University Sendai Japan
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Meng Zhang ( meng.zhang.eco@ 123456gmail.com )

                Academic editor: Clifford Morden

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7460-3136
                Article
                34574
                10.3897/phytokeys.140.34574
                7066263
                fd2c1642-eca5-4a44-b184-1b0a10974076
                Meng Zhang, Tetsukazu Yahara, Shuichiro Tagane, Sukid Rueangruea, Somran Suddee, Etsuko Moritsuka, Yoshihisa Suyama

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 18 March 2019
                : 08 October 2019
                Funding
                Funded by: Tohoku University 501100006004 http://doi.org/10.13039/501100006004
                Categories
                Research Article
                Lauraceae
                Taxonomy
                Asia

                Plant science & Botany
                cryptocarya ,flora, laurales , lauraceae ,new species,taxonomy,thailand,plantae,laurales,lauraceae

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