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      Impact of Phyllosilicates on Amino Acid Formation under Asteroidal Conditions

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          Synthesis of a fluorescent derivatizing reagent, 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate, and its application for the analysis of hydrolysate amino acids via high-performance liquid chromatography.

          A highly reactive amine derivatizing reagent, 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate, has been synthesized. In a rapid, one-step procedure, the compound reacts with amino acids to form stable unsymmetric urea derivatives which are readily amenable to analysis by reversed phase HPLC. Studies on derivatization conditions demonstrate excellent derivative yield over the pH range 8.2-10.0. Maximal yields are observed with a molar reagent excess of approximately three or greater. The reaction is extremely tolerant of common buffer salts and detergents, with no discernible decrease in reaction yield with well-buffered samples. Selective fluorescence detection of the derivatives with excitation at 250 nm and emission at 395 nm allows for the direct injection of the reaction mixture with no significant interference from the only major fluorescent reagent by-product, 6-aminoquinoline. Separation of the derivatized amino acids has been optimized on a C18 column with complete resolution in less than 35 min. Excellent response linearity is demonstrated over the concentration range 2.5-200 microM for all hydrolysate amino acids. Detection limits range from 40 fmol for phenylalanine to 800 fmol for cystine. Good compositional data could be obtained from the analysis of derivatized protein hydrolysates containing as little as 30 ng of sample.
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            Interstellar chemistry recorded in organic matter from primitive meteorites.

            Organic matter in extraterrestrial materials has isotopic anomalies in hydrogen and nitrogen that suggest an origin in the presolar molecular cloud or perhaps in the protoplanetary disk. Interplanetary dust particles are generally regarded as the most primitive solar system matter available, in part because until recently they exhibited the most extreme isotope anomalies. However, we show that hydrogen and nitrogen isotopic compositions in carbonaceous chondrite organic matter reach and even exceed those found in interplanetary dust particles. Hence, both meteorites (originating from the asteroid belt) and interplanetary dust particles (possibly from comets) preserve primitive organics that were a component of the original building blocks of the solar system.
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              Our astrochemical heritage

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                ACS Earth and Space Chemistry
                ACS Earth Space Chem.
                American Chemical Society (ACS)
                2472-3452
                2472-3452
                August 20 2020
                July 17 2020
                August 20 2020
                : 4
                : 8
                : 1398-1407
                Affiliations
                [1 ]CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moléculaires, PIIM UMR 7345, ASTRO Team, 13013 Marseille, France
                [2 ]Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 7590, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, 75005 Paris, France
                [3 ]Solar System Exploration Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, United States
                [4 ]Department of Chemistry, The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, United States
                [5 ]Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
                [6 ]Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 8220, LAMS, Case Courrier 225, 4 pl. Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
                Article
                10.1021/acsearthspacechem.0c00137
                ff27699e-6387-4f2b-baae-b87e84b14a3d
                © 2020

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-029

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-037

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-045

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