A highly sensitive non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on a simple two-step electrodeposition of cupric oxide (CuO) nanoparticles onto multi-walled carbon nanotube arrays
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Abstract
A novel, stable and highly sensitive non-enzymatic glucose (Glc) sensor was developed
using vertically well-aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes array (MWCNTs) incorporated
with cupric oxide (CuO) nanoparticles. The MWCNTs array was prepared by catalytic
chemical vapor deposition on a tantalum (Ta) substrate, while a simple and rapid two-step
electrodeposition technique was used to prepare the CuO-MWCNTs nanocomposite. First,
Cu nanoparticles were deposited onto MWCNTs at constant potential and then they were
oxidized into CuO by potential cycling. The electrocatalytic activity of CuO-MWCNTs
array was investigated for Glc under alkaline conditions using cyclic voltammetry
and chronoamperometry. The sensor exhibited a linear response up to 3 mM of Glc and
sensitivity of 2190 microA mM(-1) cm(-2), which is two to three orders of magnitude
higher than that of most non-enzymatic Glc sensors reported in the literature. The
sensor response time is less than 2s and detection limit is 800 nM (at signal/noise=3).
When tested with human blood serum samples, the sensor exhibited high electrocatalytic
activity, stability, fast response and good selectivity against common interfering
species, suggesting its potential to be developed as a non-enzymatic Glc sensor.
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