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      Rainfall uncertainty and water availability: Elements for planning water allocation to users in irrigation districts of Mexico. Study case: Irrigation District 041, Yaqui River

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT The aim of this work is to present a protocol for analyzing readily available climatic and hydrological information on watersheds, in order to achieve a rational planning of irrigation water allocation under rainfall uncertainty conditions. We present as case study the Yaqui River watershed and Irrigation District (ID) No. 041 in the state of Sonora, Mexico. The watershed is divided into three sub-watersheds that drain into three reservoirs. Our findings indicate a strong dependence of water availability on the reservoirs, conditioned by El Niño phenomenon. In addition, rainfall-runoff relationships indicate the capability to produce a runoff for each sub-watershed and the differentiated impact of El Niño. The three sub-watersheds require about the same amount of antecedent rainfall for initiating the runoff (5 mm). A standardized precipitation index (SPI) highlights the dynamics of dry and wet spells and the impact on the planted area within the irrigation district. Overall, the functional relationships between El Niño, the SPI, and the planted area in the irrigation district may serve for planning purposes under climate uncertainty scenarios.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un protocolo para el análisis de información climática e hidrológica fácilmente disponible de cuencas, con el fin de lograr una planeación racional de la distribución de agua en condiciones de incertidumbre sobre la precipitación. Se analiza el caso de la cuenca del Rio Yaqui y el distrito de riego Núm. 041 en el estado de Sonora. La cuenca se divide en tres subcuencas que drenan a tres embalses. Los resultados indican una fuerte dependencia de la disponibilidad de agua en los embalses condicionada al fenómeno El Niño. Adicionalmente, las relaciones precipitación-escurrimiento indican la capacidad de producir escurrimiento en cada subcuenca y el impacto diferenciado de El Niño. Las tres subcuencas requieren de casi la misma cantidad de humedad antecedente para que se inicie el escurrimiento (5 mm). El índice estandarizado de precipitación (SPI, por sus siglas en inglés) resalta la dinámica de periodos húmedos y secos, así como el impacto en la superficie sembrada en el distrito de riego. De manera general, las relaciones funcionales entre El Niño, el SPI y la superficie sembrada en el distrito de riego, pueden servir con fines de planeación en escenarios de incertidumbre climática.

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          Most cited references20

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          Indices of El Niño Evolution

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            Rainfall—runoff response, event-based runoff coefficients and hydrograph separation

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              Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Drought in Nepal using Standardized Precipitation Index and its Relationship with Climate Indices

              Drought over Nepal is studied on the basis of precipitation as a key parameter. Using monthly mean precipitation data for a period of 33 years, Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is produced for the drought analysis with the time scale of 3 months (SPI-3) and 12 months (SPI-12) as they are applicable for agriculture and hydrological aspects, respectively. Time-space variability is explored based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) along with Rotated PCA (RPCA). Four rotated components were explored for both SPI-3 and SPI-12 representing climatic variability with cores over eastern, central and western Nepal separately. Droughts associated with SPI-3 occurred almost evenly over these regions. Droughts associated with SPI-12 were consistent with SPI-3 for summer, since summer precipitation dominates annual precipitation. Connection between SPI and the climate indices such as Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and Indian Ocean Dipole Mode Index (DMI) was studied, suggesting that one of the causes for summer droughts is El Nino, while the winter droughts could be related with positive DMI. Keywords: Standardized Precipitation Index; Nepal; Principal component analysis; Drought DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jhm.v7i1.5617 JHM 2010; 7(1): 59-74
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                atm
                Atmósfera
                Atmósfera
                Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera (Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico )
                0187-6236
                2021
                : 34
                : 2
                : 207-216
                Affiliations
                [4] Medellín de Bravo orgnameInstituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias orgdiv1Campo Experimental Cotaxtla Mexico
                [2] Torreón orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Coahuila Mexico
                [1] Gómez Palacio orgnameInstituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias orgdiv1Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Relaciones Agua-Suelo-Planta-Atmósfera Mexico
                [3] Ciudad Obregón orgnameInstituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias orgdiv1Campo Experimental Norman E. Borlaug Mexico
                Article
                S0187-62362021000200207 S0187-6236(21)03400200207
                10.20937/atm.52792
                ff9450af-0e95-4a0f-91ec-e3a47b47c564

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 13 May 2020
                : 19 November 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 20, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Articles

                irrigation,El Niño,rainfall,runoff,SPI,watershed
                irrigation, El Niño, rainfall, runoff, SPI, watershed

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