Power without responsibility: the World Bank &amp; Mozambican cashew nuts

Hanlon, Joseph T

doi:10.1080/03056240008704431

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Review of African Political Economy

Volume 27, Issue 83

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Article: found

Is Open Access

Power without responsibility: the World Bank & Mozambican cashew nuts

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research-article

Author(s): Joseph Hanlon ^a

Publication date (Print): March 2000

Journal: Review of African Political Economy

Publisher: Review of African Political Economy

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Abstract

Mozambique's cashew nut production failed to recover after the 1982–92 war, with serious implications for peasant producers and workers in the country's single largest industry. Cashew has the potential to regain its role as a major sector of the Mozambican economy, and this article looks at the fundamental problems relating to the growing and processing of cashew. Next, the article shows how contradictory World Bank‐imposed policies prevented Mozambique from resolving these problems. Cashew shows that World Bank staff sometimes have unchecked power to impose policies on poor countries, with no need to justify their actions. The article concludes by asking if the World Bank can be sole judge of the success of its policies.

Content

Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): crea20

Journal ID (archive): CREA

Title: Review of African Political Economy

Publisher: Review of African Political Economy

ISSN (Print): 0305-6244

ISSN (Electronic): 1740-1720

Publication date (Print): March 2000

Volume: 27

Issue: 83

Pages: 29-45

Affiliations

^a senior research fellow at the Open University , author of four books on Mozambique, Milton Keynes , UK

Article

Publisher ID: 8704431 Coden ID: Review of African Political Economy, Vol. 27, No. 83, March 2000, pp. 29-45

DOI: 10.1080/03056240008704431

SO-VID: b2a42867-bf1c-4e10-98f8-d6fed57f4403

License:

All content is freely available without charge to users or their institutions. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission of the publisher or the author. Articles published in the journal are distributed under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

History

Page count

Figures: 0, Tables: 0, References: 29, Pages: 17

Bibliography

Aicajú. . 28 October. 1996 . memorandum to World Bank vice president Callisto Madavo on his visit to Mozambique . 28 October. ,
Cramer Christopher. . 1999. . Can Africa Industrialize by Processing Primary Commodities? The Case of Mozambican Cashew Nuts. . World Development . , Vol. 27((7)): 1247––1266. .
Deloitte & Touche ILA (Africa) and Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Sisteconta. . 1997. . Cashew Marketing and Liberalisation Impact Study . , Maputo : : Ministry of Tourism, Trade and Industry. .
DNE Direcção National de Estatística. . 1985. . Informação Estatística 1975–1984 . , Maputo : : Comissão Nacional do Piano. .
1989. . Anuário Estatístico 1988 . , Maputo : : Comissão Nacional do Plano. .
1992. . Anuário Estatístico 1991 . , Maputo : : Comissão Nacional do Plano. .
1995. . Anuário Estatístico 1994 . , Maputo : : Ministério do Plano e Finanças. .
Hanlon Joseph. . 1984. . Mozambique: the Revolution Under Fire . , London : : Zed. .
1986. . Beggar Your Neighbours ‐ Apartheid Power in Southern Africa . , London : : James Currey. .
1996. . Peace Without Profit ‐ How the IMF Blocks Rebuilding in Mozambique . , Oxford : : James Currey. .
Hilmarsson Hilmar T. . Cashew Pricing and Marketing in Mozambique. In: . World Bank Working Paper prepared for a seminar in June 1995; . Maputo .
IMF ‐ International Monetary Fund. . 12 April. 1996 . MOZAMBIQUE: Policy Framework Paper, 1996–1998 . 12 April. , Washington , DC :
15 May. 1997 . MOZAMBIQUE: Policy Framework Paper, 1997–1999 . 15 May. , Washington , DC :
10 June. 1999a . Republic of Mozambique: Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility Policy Framework Paper for April 1999‐March 2002 . 10 June. , Washington , DC :
INE ‐ Institute Nacional de Estatística. . 1998. . Anuário Estatístico 1997 . Maputo :
MAP ‐ Ministério da Agricultura e Pescas. . 28 April. 1995 . “O Sectora da Castanha de Cajú, Projecto de Segurança Alimentar da Direcção de Economia Agrária, Relatrio Preliminar No 21. (Translation of an article by Raghu Kumar. ”. In Marchés Tropicaux . 28 April. ,
Ministry of Planning and Finance, Eduardo Mondlane University, and International Food Policy Research Institute. . 1998. . Understanding Poverty and Weil‐Being in Mozambique ‐ First National Assessment (1996–97) . Maputo :
Mosca João and Delgado Felisa Ceña. . 1994. . “Ajustamento Estrutural e Seguranga Alimentar: O Caso de Moçambique. ”. In Extra . , Maputo : : Centro de Formação Agrária e de Desenvolvimento Rural. .
Tarp Finn. . 1990. . Prices in Mozambican Agriculture. . Journal of International Development . , Vol. 2((2)): 172––208. .
Torcato Maria de Lourdes. . 1998. . Cajú há luz no fundo do túnel? . MoçAmbiente . , Março‐Abril;
UNCTAD ‐ UN Conference on Trade and Development. . 1997. . Trade and Development Report, 1997 . New York & Geneva :
UNDP ‐ UN Development Programme. . 1998. . Mozambique National Human Development Report 1999 . Maputo :
Urdang Stephanie. . 1989. . And Still They Dance . , London : : Earthscan. .
UTRE Unidade Técnica para a Reestructuração de Empresas. . Nov. 1995 . Privatisation in Mozam‐bique no. 2 . Nov. , Maputo :
World Bank. . 1995a. . Country Assistance Strategy . Washington , DC :
7 November. 1995b . Country Assistance Strategy, report 15067‐MOZ . 7 November. , Washington , DC :
1997a. . Mozambique World Bank technical note on the Cashew Marketing Liberalization IMPACT study . Maputo :
20 November. 1997b . Nordic‐Baltic Office memo 97/485 . 20 November. ,
21 November. 1997c . Country Assistance Strategy, report 17180‐MOZ . 21 November. ,

Comments

Comment on this article

[1] Aicajú. . 28 October. 1996 . memorandum to World Bank vice president Callisto Madavo on his visit to Mozambique . 28 October. ,

[2] Cramer Christopher. . 1999. . Can Africa Industrialize by Processing Primary Commodities? The Case of Mozambican Cashew Nuts. . World Development . , Vol. 27((7)): 1247––1266. .

[3] Deloitte & Touche ILA (Africa) and Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Sisteconta. . 1997. . Cashew Marketing and Liberalisation Impact Study . , Maputo : : Ministry of Tourism, Trade and Industry. .

[4] DNE Direcção National de Estatística. . 1985. . Informação Estatística 1975–1984 . , Maputo : : Comissão Nacional do Piano. .

[5] 1989. . Anuário Estatístico 1988 . , Maputo : : Comissão Nacional do Plano. .

[6] 1992. . Anuário Estatístico 1991 . , Maputo : : Comissão Nacional do Plano. .

[7] 1995. . Anuário Estatístico 1994 . , Maputo : : Ministério do Plano e Finanças. .

[8] Hanlon Joseph. . 1984. . Mozambique: the Revolution Under Fire . , London : : Zed. .

[9] 1986. . Beggar Your Neighbours ‐ Apartheid Power in Southern Africa . , London : : James Currey. .

[10] 1996. . Peace Without Profit ‐ How the IMF Blocks Rebuilding in Mozambique . , Oxford : : James Currey. .

[11] Hilmarsson Hilmar T. . Cashew Pricing and Marketing in Mozambique. In: . World Bank Working Paper prepared for a seminar in June 1995; . Maputo .

[12] IMF ‐ International Monetary Fund. . 12 April. 1996 . MOZAMBIQUE: Policy Framework Paper, 1996–1998 . 12 April. , Washington , DC :

[13] 15 May. 1997 . MOZAMBIQUE: Policy Framework Paper, 1997–1999 . 15 May. , Washington , DC :

[14] 10 June. 1999a . Republic of Mozambique: Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility Policy Framework Paper for April 1999‐March 2002 . 10 June. , Washington , DC :

[15] INE ‐ Institute Nacional de Estatística. . 1998. . Anuário Estatístico 1997 . Maputo :

[16] MAP ‐ Ministério da Agricultura e Pescas. . 28 April. 1995 . “O Sectora da Castanha de Cajú, Projecto de Segurança Alimentar da Direcção de Economia Agrária, Relatrio Preliminar No 21. (Translation of an article by Raghu Kumar. ”. In Marchés Tropicaux . 28 April. ,

[17] Ministry of Planning and Finance, Eduardo Mondlane University, and International Food Policy Research Institute. . 1998. . Understanding Poverty and Weil‐Being in Mozambique ‐ First National Assessment (1996–97) . Maputo :

[18] Mosca João and Delgado Felisa Ceña. . 1994. . “Ajustamento Estrutural e Seguranga Alimentar: O Caso de Moçambique. ”. In Extra . , Maputo : : Centro de Formação Agrária e de Desenvolvimento Rural. .

[19] Tarp Finn. . 1990. . Prices in Mozambican Agriculture. . Journal of International Development . , Vol. 2((2)): 172––208. .

[20] Torcato Maria de Lourdes. . 1998. . Cajú há luz no fundo do túnel? . MoçAmbiente . , Março‐Abril;

[21] UNCTAD ‐ UN Conference on Trade and Development. . 1997. . Trade and Development Report, 1997 . New York & Geneva :

[22] UNDP ‐ UN Development Programme. . 1998. . Mozambique National Human Development Report 1999 . Maputo :

[23] Urdang Stephanie. . 1989. . And Still They Dance . , London : : Earthscan. .

[24] UTRE Unidade Técnica para a Reestructuração de Empresas. . Nov. 1995 . Privatisation in Mozam‐bique no. 2 . Nov. , Maputo :

[25] World Bank. . 1995a. . Country Assistance Strategy . Washington , DC :

[26] 7 November. 1995b . Country Assistance Strategy, report 15067‐MOZ . 7 November. , Washington , DC :

[27] 1997a. . Mozambique World Bank technical note on the Cashew Marketing Liberalization IMPACT study . Maputo :

[28] 20 November. 1997b . Nordic‐Baltic Office memo 97/485 . 20 November. ,

[29] 21 November. 1997c . Country Assistance Strategy, report 17180‐MOZ . 21 November. ,