This paper asks how the national movements viewed rural issues between the 1920s and 1960s, what attention they devoted to rural mobilisation, and how their perceptions and efforts altered over time. It suggests that, given a society which saw wars of conquest and territorial dispossession in the 19th century, given the Land Acts of 1913 and 1936, and given the different forms of expropriation and exploitation historically visited upon peasants, labour tenants, farm labourers and migrant workers, the agrarian question has not been accorded the theoretical or practical attention one might have anticipated.
Karis T., Carter G. and Gerhart G.. , eds. 1977. . From Protest to Challenge . Vol. Vol.3. , Stanford :
Tabata I.B.. 1974. . The Awakening of a People . Nottingham :
Clark A.. 1977. . “‘The Non‐European Unity Movement. ”. MA : : York University. .
Gentle R.. 1978. . “‘The NEUM in Perspective’. ”. BA Hons : : University of Cape Town. .
Wickens P.L.. 1978. . The ICU of Africa . Cape Town :
Bradford Helen. . 1980. . “‘The Industrial and Commercial Workers Union in the Natal Countryside’. ”. BA Hons : : University of Cape Town. .
1981. . “‘The ICU and the Transvaal Rural Popular Classes in the 1920’. ”. Witwatersrand Univer.. .
Johns S.. “‘The ICU: Trade Union, Political Pressure Group, or Mass Movement?’. ”. In Protest and Power in Black Africa. . Edited by: Mazrui A. and Rotberg R..
Walshe P.. 1970. . The Rise of African Nationalism in South Africa . London :
H.J. and Simons R.E.. 1969. . Class and Colour in South Africa . Harmondsworth :
A Brooks. . 1967. . From Class Struggle to National Liberation, the CPSA, 1940–50 . Surrey :
Marks S.. 1979. . ‘Natal, the Zulu Royal Family and the Ideology of Segregation’. . Journal of Southern African Studies . , Vol. 4.2:
Hirson B.. 1982. . “‘Prelude to the Thirties: Land, Labour, and the Left’. ”. New York :
1977. . “‘Rural Revolt in South Africa, 1937–51’. ”. Vol. Vol.8. , ICS, London Univ., Coll. Sem. Pap., Societies of Southern Africa. .
Lodge T.. 1983. . Black Politics in South Africa Since 1945 . London :
Hammond‐Tooke W.D.. 1975. . Command or Consensus . Cape Town :
Callinicos A. and Rogers J.. 1977. . Southern Africa after Soweto . London :
Mbeki Govan. . 1964. . The Peasants Revolt . Harmondsworth :
Luckhardt K. and Wall B.. 1980. . Organise or Starve . London :