The performance of the ‘socialist’ period of Somali development after 1970, and the present predicament of the different path since defeat in the Ogaadeen war in 1978, are analysed against the background of the pre‐colonial pastoral economy and the colonial plantation system.
Brockett A.M.. 1969. . The British Somaliland Protectorate to 1905 . , Oxford University. .
Karp Mark. . 1960. . The Economics of Trusteeship in Somalia . , Boston : : Boston University Press. .
Mehmet O.. 1971. . ‘Effectiveness of Foreign Aid: the Case of Somalia’. . Journal of Modern African Studies . , 9.2.;
Siyaad Barre Mahammed. . My Country and My People . Mogadishu :
Farer Tom. . 1979. . War Clouds in the Horn of Africa . , New York : : Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. .
Nyang Sulayman S.. 1982. . ‘Saudi Arabian Foreign Policy toward Africa’. . Horn of Africa . , 5.2.;
Miller N.. 1981. . “‘The Other Somalia’: Part I ‘Illicit Trade and the Hidden Economy’, Part II ‘Foreign Aid to Local Polities’. ”. American Universities Field Staff Reports. .
Calika Nur. . 1984. . ‘Somalia's Adustment Experience, 1981–83. . Finance & Development . , 21.1.;