Nationalism, state formation and the public sphere: Eritrea 1991–96

Makki, Fouad

doi:10.1080/03056249608704217

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Review of African Political Economy

Volume 23, Issue 70

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Nationalism, state formation and the public sphere: Eritrea 1991–96

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Author(s): Fouad Makki ^a

Publication date (Print): December 1996

Journal: Review of African Political Economy

Publisher: Review of African Political Economy

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Abstract

This article attempts to situate the transition to statehood in Eritrea in the context of its time, culture, and political history. It argues that the transition is profoundly shaped by the international conjuncture within which it unfolds, as well as by the social and political experiences of the nationalist movements. The economic, social, and political aspects of the transition are highlighted with a view to illuminating their overall trajectory and complex dynamics. The establishment of national sovereignty, it is argued, does not entail some unproblematic process of national integration, but only creates a nationally defined public space through which the multi‐faceted issues of post‐independence Eritrea will be contested. State formation is therefore understood as a continuation of the nation‐making process which cannot be reified as a finished project. The article concludes by examining the contradictory but pregnant possibilities for establishing a democratic political and social order.

Content

Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): crea20

Journal ID (archive): CREA

Title: Review of African Political Economy

Publisher: Review of African Political Economy

ISSN (Print): 0305-6244

ISSN (Electronic): 1740-1720

Publication date (Print): December 1996

Volume: 23

Issue: 70

Pages: 475-497

Affiliations

^a lives in Ithaca, New York

Article

Publisher ID: 8704217 Coden ID: Review of African Political Economy, Vol. 23, No. 70, December 1996, pp. 475-497

DOI: 10.1080/03056249608704217

SO-VID: f6763c47-f058-49d4-8b1b-666685eaba75

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All content is freely available without charge to users or their institutions. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission of the publisher or the author. Articles published in the journal are distributed under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

History

Page count

Figures: 0, Tables: 0, References: 26, Pages: 23

Bibliography

Anderson Benedict. . 1992. . ‘The New World Disorder’. . New Left Review . , Vol. 193:: 3––13. .
Binswager Hans. . 1986. . ‘Agricultural Mechanization: A Comparative Historical Analysis’. . World Bank Research Observer . , Vol. 1((1)): 30––32. .
Connell Dan. . 1995. . ‘Eritrea: Starting from Scratch’. . Review of African Political Economy . , Vol. 22((66))
Constitutional Commission of Eritrea (CCE). . 1995. . Constitutional Proposals For Public Debate . , Asmara : : Adulis Printing Press. .
Davidson Basil. . 1992. . The Black Man's Burden: Africa and the Curse of the Nation‐State . , New York : : Random House. .
Eley Geoff. . 1992. . “‘Nations, Publics, and Political Cultures: Placing Habermas in the Nineteenth Century’. ”. In Habermas and the Public Sphere . , Edited by: Calhoun Craig. . Cambridge (Ma) : : MIT Press. .
1996. . Europa World Year Book .
1996. . ’Survey on Eritrea’. . Financial Times . , 18 January;: 11––14. .
Gorke Inge, Klingebiel Stephan and et al.. 1995. . Promoting the Reintegration of Former Female and Male Combatants in Eritrea . , Berlin : : German Development Institute. .
Jurgen Habermas,. . 1989. . The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere . , Cambridge (Ma) : : MIT Press. .
Bereket Habte Selassie. . 1990. . “‘Reflections on the Future Political System in Eritrea’. ”.
IMF (International Monetary Fund). . 1995. . “‘Eritrea: Recent Economic Developments’. ”.
Joierman Sandra Fullerton. . 1996. . ‘The Minefield of Land Reform: Comments on the Eritrean Land Proclamation’. . African Affairs . , Vol. 95:: 269––285. .
Killion Tom. . 1994. . ‘The Eritrean Jihad and Repatriation of Refugees’. . Eritrean Studies Association Newsletter (North America) . ,
Lefebvre Jeffrey A. . 1995. . ‘Post‐Cold War Clouds: The Eritrean‐Sudan Crisis’. . Middle East Policy . , Vol. IV((1 & 2)): 34––49. .
Mamdani Mahmood. . 1996. . Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism . , Princeton : : Princeton University Press. .
Markakis John. . 1987. . National and Class Conflict in the Horn of Africa . , Cambridge : : Cambridge University Press. .
1995. . ‘Eritrea's National Charter,’. . Review of African Political Economy . , Vol. 22((63))
Ministry of Education. . 1995. . “‘The Development of Education: National Report of the State of Eritrea’. ”. Asmara : : Eritrea. .
Ministry of Foreign Affairs. . 1995. . Eritrea: Rising From the Ashes . , Asmara : : Eritrea. .
Plaut Martin. . 1996. . ‘Eritrea and Yemen: Control of the Shipping Lanes’. . Review of African Political Economy . , Vol. 23((67))
Said Al‐Amin Mohammed. . 1994. . Sewra Eritra . , Lawrenceville , NJ : : The Red Sea Press. .
Street Jenny. . 12 April. 1996 . “‘Liberation Struggle Continues in the Classroom,’. ”. 12 April. , Geminie News Service. .
UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization). . 1995. . “‘Investors Guide to Eritrea'. ”.
1996. . Review Series. . Eritrea: A New Beginning . ,
Woldegabriel Berhane. . 1996. . ‘Eritrean Refugees in Sudan’. . Review of African Political Economy . , Vol. 23((67))

Comments

Comment on this article

[1] Anderson Benedict. . 1992. . ‘The New World Disorder’. . New Left Review . , Vol. 193:: 3––13. .

[2] Binswager Hans. . 1986. . ‘Agricultural Mechanization: A Comparative Historical Analysis’. . World Bank Research Observer . , Vol. 1((1)): 30––32. .

[3] Connell Dan. . 1995. . ‘Eritrea: Starting from Scratch’. . Review of African Political Economy . , Vol. 22((66))

[4] Constitutional Commission of Eritrea (CCE). . 1995. . Constitutional Proposals For Public Debate . , Asmara : : Adulis Printing Press. .

[5] Davidson Basil. . 1992. . The Black Man's Burden: Africa and the Curse of the Nation‐State . , New York : : Random House. .

[6] Eley Geoff. . 1992. . “‘Nations, Publics, and Political Cultures: Placing Habermas in the Nineteenth Century’. ”. In Habermas and the Public Sphere . , Edited by: Calhoun Craig. . Cambridge (Ma) : : MIT Press. .

[7] 1996. . Europa World Year Book .

[8] 1996. . ’Survey on Eritrea’. . Financial Times . , 18 January;: 11––14. .

[9] Gorke Inge, Klingebiel Stephan and et al.. 1995. . Promoting the Reintegration of Former Female and Male Combatants in Eritrea . , Berlin : : German Development Institute. .

[10] Jurgen Habermas,. . 1989. . The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere . , Cambridge (Ma) : : MIT Press. .

[11] Bereket Habte Selassie. . 1990. . “‘Reflections on the Future Political System in Eritrea’. ”.

[12] IMF (International Monetary Fund). . 1995. . “‘Eritrea: Recent Economic Developments’. ”.

[13] Joierman Sandra Fullerton. . 1996. . ‘The Minefield of Land Reform: Comments on the Eritrean Land Proclamation’. . African Affairs . , Vol. 95:: 269––285. .

[14] Killion Tom. . 1994. . ‘The Eritrean Jihad and Repatriation of Refugees’. . Eritrean Studies Association Newsletter (North America) . ,

[15] Lefebvre Jeffrey A. . 1995. . ‘Post‐Cold War Clouds: The Eritrean‐Sudan Crisis’. . Middle East Policy . , Vol. IV((1 & 2)): 34––49. .

[16] Mamdani Mahmood. . 1996. . Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism . , Princeton : : Princeton University Press. .

[17] Markakis John. . 1987. . National and Class Conflict in the Horn of Africa . , Cambridge : : Cambridge University Press. .

[18] 1995. . ‘Eritrea's National Charter,’. . Review of African Political Economy . , Vol. 22((63))

[19] Ministry of Education. . 1995. . “‘The Development of Education: National Report of the State of Eritrea’. ”. Asmara : : Eritrea. .

[20] Ministry of Foreign Affairs. . 1995. . Eritrea: Rising From the Ashes . , Asmara : : Eritrea. .

[21] Plaut Martin. . 1996. . ‘Eritrea and Yemen: Control of the Shipping Lanes’. . Review of African Political Economy . , Vol. 23((67))

[22] Said Al‐Amin Mohammed. . 1994. . Sewra Eritra . , Lawrenceville , NJ : : The Red Sea Press. .

[23] Street Jenny. . 12 April. 1996 . “‘Liberation Struggle Continues in the Classroom,’. ”. 12 April. , Geminie News Service. .

[24] UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization). . 1995. . “‘Investors Guide to Eritrea'. ”.

[25] 1996. . Review Series. . Eritrea: A New Beginning . ,

[26] Woldegabriel Berhane. . 1996. . ‘Eritrean Refugees in Sudan’. . Review of African Political Economy . , Vol. 23((67))

Review of African Political Economy

Nationalism, state formation and the public sphere: Eritrea 1991–96

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