From Innovation Systems to Knowledge Systems

Howells, Jeremy; Roberts, Joanne E

doi:10.1080/08109020050000636

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Prometheus

Volume 18, Issue 1

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From Innovation Systems to Knowledge Systems

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Author(s): Jeremy Howells , Joanne Roberts

Publication date (Print): March 2000

Journal: Prometheus

Publisher: Pluto Journals

Keywords: Knowledge, Knowledge Systems, Systems Of Innovation, Computer Services

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Abstract

This paper seeks to provide an understanding of knowledge creation and dissemination through an exploration and analysis of knowledge systems. It begins with a brief review of the systems of innovation approach. This is followed by a discussion of knowledge systems in which the nature of knowledge is considered and a definition of knowledge systems is outlined. A conceptual analysis of knowledge systems is provided in which they are compared and contrasted with systems of innovation. The conceptual framework presented is then examined more fully within the context of the computer services sector. Finally, conclusions are drawn and directions for further research are outlined.

Content

Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): cpro20

Journal ID (archive): CPRO

Title: Prometheus

Subtitle: Critical Studies in Innovation

Publisher: Pluto Journals

ISSN (Print): 0810-9028

ISSN (Electronic): 1470-1030

Publication date (Print): March 2000

Volume: 18

Issue: 1

Pages: 17-31

Article

Publisher ID: 10032369 Coden ID: Prometheus, Vol. 18, No. 1, March 2000, pp. 17-31

DOI: 10.1080/08109020050000636

SO-VID: 4526f12d-c19d-49b5-872e-105e5b94360f

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All content is freely available without charge to users or their institutions. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission of the publisher or the author. Articles published in the journal are distributed under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Figures: 0, Tables: 0, References: 45, Pages: 15

References

Cowan R. and Foray D.. 1997. . 'The economics of codification and the diffusion of knowledge'. . Industrial and Corporate Change . , Vol. 6((3)): 595––622. .
Howells Jeremy. . 1995. . 'Going global: the use of ICT networks in research and development'. . Research Policy . , Vol. 24:: 169––184. .
Lamberton D.. 1997. . 'The knowledge-based economy: A Sisyphus model'. . Prometheus . , Vol. 15((1)): 73––81. .
Lynn L. H., Reddy N. M. and Aram J. D.. 1996. . 'Linking technology and institutions: The innovation community framework'. . Research Polity . , Vol. 25:: 91––106. .
Mowery D. C. and Langlois R. N.. 1996. . 'Spinning off and spinning on(?): The federal government role in the development of the US computer software industry". . Research Policy . , Vol. 25:: 947––66. .
Steinmueller Edward. . 1996. . “'The U.S. software industry: An analysis and interpretive history". ”. In The International Computer Software Industry: A Comparative Study of Industry Evolution and Structure . , Edited by: Mowery David C.. p. 15––52. . Oxford : : Oxford University Press. .
Lynn L. H., Reddy N. M. and Aram J. D.. 1996. . 'Linking technology and institutions: The innovation community framework". . Research Policy . , Vol. 25:: 91––106. .
DiBona Chris, Ockman Sam and Stone Mark. . 1999. . “'Introduction'. ”. In Open Sources: Voices from the Open Source Resolution . , Edited by: DiBona Chris, Ockman Sam and Stone Mark. . p. 8 London : : O'Reilly and Associates Inc.. .
Howells Jeremy. . 1999. . “'Regional systems of innovation?'. ”. In Innovation Policy in a Global Economy . , Edited by: Archibugi Daniele, Howells Jeremy and Michie Jonathan. . p. 67––93. . Oxford : : Oxford University Press. .
Drucker Peter F.. 1993. . Post-Capitalist Society . , p. 40 Oxford : : Butterworth-Heinemann. .
OECD. . 1996. . Employment and Growth in the Knowledge-Based Economy . , Paris : : OECD. .
Lundvall B.-A. and Johnson B. A.. 1994. . 'The learning economy'. . Journal of Industry Studies . , Vol. 1((2)): 23––41. .
Hodgson Geoffrey. . 1999. . Economes and Utopia: Why the Learning Economy is not the End of History . , London : : Routledge. .
Freeman Chris. . 1987. . Technology Policy and Economic Performance: Lessons from Japan . , London : : Pinter. .
Freeman Chris. . 1988. . “'Japan: a new national system of innovation?'. ”. In Technological Change and Economic Theory . , Edited by: Dosi Giovanni, Freeman Christopher, Nelson Richard, Silverberg Gerald and Soete Luc. . p. 330––48. . London : : Pinter. .
Lundvall Bengt-Ake. . “'Innovation as an interactive process--from user--producer interaction to National Systems of Innovation'. ”. Edited by: Dosi Giovanni. . p. 349––69. .
Lundvall Bengt-Ake. . 1992. . “'Introduction'. ”. In National Systems of Innovation: Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning . , Edited by: Lundvall Bengt-Ake. . p. 1––19. . London : : Pinter. .
Nelson R. R.. 1992. . 'National innovation systems: a retrospective on a study'. . Industrial and Corporate Change . , Vol. 1((2)): 347––74. .
Carlsson Bo. , ed. 1995. . Technological Systems and Economic Performance: The Case of Factory Automation . , Dordrecht : : Kluwer. .
Howells Jeremy and Neary Ian. . 1995. . Intervention and Technological Innovation: Government and the Pharmaceutical Industry in the UK . , Basingstoke : : Macmillan. .
Freeman Chris. . 1995. . 'The national system of innovation in historical perspective'. . Cambridge Journal of Economics . , Vol. 19:: 5––24. .
Edquist Charles. . 1997. . “'Systems of innovation approaches--their emergence and characteristics'. ”. In Systems of Innovation: Technologies, Institutions and Organizations . , Edited by: Edquist Charles. . p. 1––35. . London : : Pinter. .
Nelson Richard R. and Rosenberg Nathan. . 1993. . “'Technical innovation and national systems'. ”. In National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Analysis . , Edited by: Nelson Richard R.. p. 3––21. . New York : : Oxford University Press. .
Hodgson Geoffrey. . 1988. . Economics and Institutions . , Cambridge : : Polity Press. .
Boisot Max H.. 1998. . Knowledge Assets: Securing Competitive Advantage in the Information Economy . , Oxford : : Oxford University Press. .
Nonaka Ikujiro and Takeuchi Hirotaka. . 1995. . The Knowledge-Creating Company: How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation . , Oxford : : Oxford University Press. .
Howells Jeremy. . 2000. . “'Knowledge, innovation and location'. ”. In Knowledge, Space, Economy . , Edited by: Bryson John R., Daniels Peter W., Henry Nicholas D. and Pollard Jane S.. London : : Routledge. .
Polanyi M.. 1966. . 'The logic of tacit inference'. . Philosophy . , Vol. 41:: 1––18. .
Polanyi M.. 1967. . The Tacit Dimension . , London : : Routledge and Kegan Paul. .
Foray Dominique. . 1997. . “'Generation and distribution of technological knowledge: incentives, norms and institutions'. ”. In Systems of Innovation: Technologies, Institutionsand Organizations . , Edited by: Edquist Charles. . p. 64––85. . London : : Pinter. .
Carlsson Bo and Stankiewicz R.. 1995. . “On the nature, function and composition of technological systems'. ”. In Technological Systems and Economic Performance: The Case of Factory Automation . , Edited by: Carlsson Bo. . p. 21––56. . Dordrecht : : Kluwer. .
Sparrow John. . 1998. . Knowledge in Organizations: Access to Thinking at Work . , p. 24 London : : Sage. .
Plotkin H.. 1994. . The Mature of Knowledge: Concerning Adaptations, Instinct and the Evolution of Intelligence . , p. 40 London : : Alien Lane. .
Bladder F.. 1995. . 'Knowledge, knowledge work and organizations: an overview and interpretation'. . Organization Studies . , Vol. 16:: 1021––46. .
Polanyi Michael. . 1958. . Personal Knowledge: Towards a Post-Critical Philosophy . , p. 369 London : : Routledge and Kegan Paul. .
Kim D. H.. 1993. . 'The link between individual and organisational learning'. . Sloan Management Review . , Fall;: 37––50. .
Urlich D., Jick T. and von Glinow M. A.. 1993. . 'High-impact learning: building and diffusing learning capability'. . Organizational Dynamics . , Vol. 22((2)): 52––66. .
Smith K.. 1995. . 'Interactions in knowledge systems: foundations, policy implications and empirical methods'. . STI Review . , Vol. 16:: 69––102. .
David P. A. and Foray D.. 1995. . 'Accessing and expanding the science and technology knowledge base'. . STI Review . , Vol. 16:: 13––68. .
Tassey G.. 1991. . 'The functions of technology infrastructure in a competitive economy'. . Research Polity . , Vol. 20:: 345––61. .
Lundvall Bengt-Åke. . 1995. . “'The global unemployment problem and national systems of innovation'. ”. In Globalisation, Networking and Small Firm Innovation . , Edited by: O'Doherty Dermot P.. p. 35––48. . London : : Graham and Trotman. .
Johnson Björn. . 1992. . “'Institutional learning'. ”. In National Systems of Innovation: Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive learning . , Edited by: Lundvall B.-Å.. p. 23––44. . London : : Pinter. .
Macdonald S.. 1996. . 'International information flow and strategy in the international firm". . International Journal of Technology Management . , Vol. 11((1/2)): 219––32. .

Comments

Comment on this article

[1] Cowan R. and Foray D.. 1997. . 'The economics of codification and the diffusion of knowledge'. . Industrial and Corporate Change . , Vol. 6((3)): 595––622. .

[2] Howells Jeremy. . 1995. . 'Going global: the use of ICT networks in research and development'. . Research Policy . , Vol. 24:: 169––184. .

[3] Lamberton D.. 1997. . 'The knowledge-based economy: A Sisyphus model'. . Prometheus . , Vol. 15((1)): 73––81. .

[4] Lynn L. H., Reddy N. M. and Aram J. D.. 1996. . 'Linking technology and institutions: The innovation community framework'. . Research Polity . , Vol. 25:: 91––106. .

[5] Mowery D. C. and Langlois R. N.. 1996. . 'Spinning off and spinning on(?): The federal government role in the development of the US computer software industry". . Research Policy . , Vol. 25:: 947––66. .

[6] Steinmueller Edward. . 1996. . “'The U.S. software industry: An analysis and interpretive history". ”. In The International Computer Software Industry: A Comparative Study of Industry Evolution and Structure . , Edited by: Mowery David C.. p. 15––52. . Oxford : : Oxford University Press. .

[7] Lynn L. H., Reddy N. M. and Aram J. D.. 1996. . 'Linking technology and institutions: The innovation community framework". . Research Policy . , Vol. 25:: 91––106. .

[8] DiBona Chris, Ockman Sam and Stone Mark. . 1999. . “'Introduction'. ”. In Open Sources: Voices from the Open Source Resolution . , Edited by: DiBona Chris, Ockman Sam and Stone Mark. . p. 8 London : : O'Reilly and Associates Inc.. .

[9] Howells Jeremy. . 1999. . “'Regional systems of innovation?'. ”. In Innovation Policy in a Global Economy . , Edited by: Archibugi Daniele, Howells Jeremy and Michie Jonathan. . p. 67––93. . Oxford : : Oxford University Press. .

[10] Drucker Peter F.. 1993. . Post-Capitalist Society . , p. 40 Oxford : : Butterworth-Heinemann. .

[11] OECD. . 1996. . Employment and Growth in the Knowledge-Based Economy . , Paris : : OECD. .

[12] Lundvall B.-A. and Johnson B. A.. 1994. . 'The learning economy'. . Journal of Industry Studies . , Vol. 1((2)): 23––41. .

[13] Hodgson Geoffrey. . 1999. . Economes and Utopia: Why the Learning Economy is not the End of History . , London : : Routledge. .

[14] Freeman Chris. . 1987. . Technology Policy and Economic Performance: Lessons from Japan . , London : : Pinter. .

[15] Freeman Chris. . 1988. . “'Japan: a new national system of innovation?'. ”. In Technological Change and Economic Theory . , Edited by: Dosi Giovanni, Freeman Christopher, Nelson Richard, Silverberg Gerald and Soete Luc. . p. 330––48. . London : : Pinter. .

[16] Lundvall Bengt-Ake. . “'Innovation as an interactive process--from user--producer interaction to National Systems of Innovation'. ”. Edited by: Dosi Giovanni. . p. 349––69. .

[17] Lundvall Bengt-Ake. . 1992. . “'Introduction'. ”. In National Systems of Innovation: Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning . , Edited by: Lundvall Bengt-Ake. . p. 1––19. . London : : Pinter. .

[18] Nelson R. R.. 1992. . 'National innovation systems: a retrospective on a study'. . Industrial and Corporate Change . , Vol. 1((2)): 347––74. .

[19] Carlsson Bo. , ed. 1995. . Technological Systems and Economic Performance: The Case of Factory Automation . , Dordrecht : : Kluwer. .

[20] Howells Jeremy and Neary Ian. . 1995. . Intervention and Technological Innovation: Government and the Pharmaceutical Industry in the UK . , Basingstoke : : Macmillan. .

[21] Freeman Chris. . 1995. . 'The national system of innovation in historical perspective'. . Cambridge Journal of Economics . , Vol. 19:: 5––24. .

[22] Edquist Charles. . 1997. . “'Systems of innovation approaches--their emergence and characteristics'. ”. In Systems of Innovation: Technologies, Institutions and Organizations . , Edited by: Edquist Charles. . p. 1––35. . London : : Pinter. .

[23] Nelson Richard R. and Rosenberg Nathan. . 1993. . “'Technical innovation and national systems'. ”. In National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Analysis . , Edited by: Nelson Richard R.. p. 3––21. . New York : : Oxford University Press. .

[25] Hodgson Geoffrey. . 1988. . Economics and Institutions . , Cambridge : : Polity Press. .

[26] Boisot Max H.. 1998. . Knowledge Assets: Securing Competitive Advantage in the Information Economy . , Oxford : : Oxford University Press. .

[27] Nonaka Ikujiro and Takeuchi Hirotaka. . 1995. . The Knowledge-Creating Company: How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation . , Oxford : : Oxford University Press. .

[28] Howells Jeremy. . 2000. . “'Knowledge, innovation and location'. ”. In Knowledge, Space, Economy . , Edited by: Bryson John R., Daniels Peter W., Henry Nicholas D. and Pollard Jane S.. London : : Routledge. .

[29] Polanyi M.. 1966. . 'The logic of tacit inference'. . Philosophy . , Vol. 41:: 1––18. .

[30] Polanyi M.. 1967. . The Tacit Dimension . , London : : Routledge and Kegan Paul. .

[31] Foray Dominique. . 1997. . “'Generation and distribution of technological knowledge: incentives, norms and institutions'. ”. In Systems of Innovation: Technologies, Institutionsand Organizations . , Edited by: Edquist Charles. . p. 64––85. . London : : Pinter. .

[33] Carlsson Bo and Stankiewicz R.. 1995. . “On the nature, function and composition of technological systems'. ”. In Technological Systems and Economic Performance: The Case of Factory Automation . , Edited by: Carlsson Bo. . p. 21––56. . Dordrecht : : Kluwer. .

[34] Sparrow John. . 1998. . Knowledge in Organizations: Access to Thinking at Work . , p. 24 London : : Sage. .

[35] Plotkin H.. 1994. . The Mature of Knowledge: Concerning Adaptations, Instinct and the Evolution of Intelligence . , p. 40 London : : Alien Lane. .

[36] Bladder F.. 1995. . 'Knowledge, knowledge work and organizations: an overview and interpretation'. . Organization Studies . , Vol. 16:: 1021––46. .

[37] Polanyi Michael. . 1958. . Personal Knowledge: Towards a Post-Critical Philosophy . , p. 369 London : : Routledge and Kegan Paul. .

[38] Kim D. H.. 1993. . 'The link between individual and organisational learning'. . Sloan Management Review . , Fall;: 37––50. .

[39] Urlich D., Jick T. and von Glinow M. A.. 1993. . 'High-impact learning: building and diffusing learning capability'. . Organizational Dynamics . , Vol. 22((2)): 52––66. .

[40] Smith K.. 1995. . 'Interactions in knowledge systems: foundations, policy implications and empirical methods'. . STI Review . , Vol. 16:: 69––102. .

[41] David P. A. and Foray D.. 1995. . 'Accessing and expanding the science and technology knowledge base'. . STI Review . , Vol. 16:: 13––68. .

[42] Tassey G.. 1991. . 'The functions of technology infrastructure in a competitive economy'. . Research Polity . , Vol. 20:: 345––61. .

[43] Lundvall Bengt-Åke. . 1995. . “'The global unemployment problem and national systems of innovation'. ”. In Globalisation, Networking and Small Firm Innovation . , Edited by: O'Doherty Dermot P.. p. 35––48. . London : : Graham and Trotman. .

[44] Johnson Björn. . 1992. . “'Institutional learning'. ”. In National Systems of Innovation: Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive learning . , Edited by: Lundvall B.-Å.. p. 23––44. . London : : Pinter. .

[45] Macdonald S.. 1996. . 'International information flow and strategy in the international firm". . International Journal of Technology Management . , Vol. 11((1/2)): 219––32. .

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