This paper contrasts the immediate representations of Islam on US television and CNN's online messageboard by focusing on the noun phrases for 'Islamic' used in both media fora from September 11 to 16. The study found some notable congruities and differences in the associations made with Islam in each context. It considers these findings in terms of previous research on the representation of Islam and terrorism in 'Western' media; the official insistence that 'we' are not at war with Islam; and media theories of 'framing' and 'reception'.
Huntingdon Samuel P.. 1993. . 'The dash of civilizations?'. . Foreign Affairs . , Summer;
Volders Els. . 1997. . 'Terrorism and the media'. . Communicate . , Vol. 26((1)): 19––29. .
Weimann Gabriel. . 1985. . 'Terrorists or freedom fighters? Labeling terrorism in the Israeli press'. . Political Communication and Persuasion . , Vol. 2((4)): 433––45. .
Alsina Miguel Rodrigo. . 1990. . 'Discourses about terrorism'. . Semiotica . , Vol. 81((3-4)): 211––19. .
Picard Robert and Adams Paul. . 1987. . 'Characterization of acts and perpetrators in three elite US daily newspapers'. . Political Communication and Persuasion . , Vol. 4:
Cause F. Gregory. . 2002. . 'Who lost middle Eastern studies?'. . Foreign Affairs . , March/April;
Fowler Roger. . 1991. . Language in the News-Discourse and Ideology in the Press . , London and New York : : Routledge. .
Said Edward. . 2001. . 'The public role of writers and intellectuals'. . The Nation . , September 17;