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A ‘MULTI-FUNCTION-POLIS’ FOR AUSTRALIA
Abstract
MITI has proposed a $5-10 billion ‘Multi-Function-Polis’ in Australia. The functions would include high technology, recurrent adult education, resort and leisure, and cultural exchange. It would become a forum for international technological and cultural exchange in the Pacific Rim region.
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NOTES AND REFERENCES
Ministry of International Trade & Industry, A Multi-function-polis Scheme for the 21st Century (sub-titled, Development Plan for an International, Futuristic and Hi-tech Resort through Australia-Japan Co-operation), February 1987.
ibid., pp. 3, 10.
There is certainly great scope for improvement here. Although Japan is Australia's largest trading partner, technolgy, personal communication and cultural flows between the two countries are still relatively weak. See Thomas Mandeville, “Information flows between Australia and Japan”, Papers of the Regional Science Association, 56, 1985, pp. 189–200.
This last point was given particular emphasis by the Japanese Transport Minister, Mr. Ryutaro Hashimoto who said that: “If it were at all possible, it would be built in Japan but Japan does not have the space.” “Land, the key to high-tech super city — Minister”, Courier Mail, 12 January, 1987.
Ivor Ries and Amanda Buckley, “Tech-city plan fails to enthuse”, Financial Review, 9 January, 1987.
MITI talks foster joint ventures”, Scitech, June, 1987, p. 7.
Brisbane may get $10 billion hi-tech town”, Courier Mail, 4 June, 1987.
MITI, personal communication, Canberra, July, 1987.
See footnote 7; Tony Grant-Taylor, “Bond joins Johon hi-tech city”, Financial Review, 11 March, 1987.
Sunshine State could have high-tech city”, The Australian, 13 January, 1987.
We inhabit Technopolis, a society not only shaped but continuously modified in drastic ways by scientific and technical novelty …” (Nigel Calder, Technopolis-Social Control of the Uses of Science, Simon and Schuster, N.Y., 1971 edition, pp. 22-3).
The technopolis concept was first announced in MITI, Visions for the 1980s, 1980.
N. Hishioka and A. Takeuchi, “The development of high technology industry in Japan”, in M.J. Breheny and R. McQuaid (eds.), The Development of High Technology Industries — An International Survey, Croom Helm, London, 1987, pp. 262–95.
Sheridan Tatsuno, The Technopolis Strategy — Japan, High Technology and the Control of the Twenty-first Century, Prentice Hall, N.Y., 1986, p. 120.
See Premier's Department, The Role of Research/Technology Parks in Queensland's Technological Development, Brisbane, June 1984; Stuart Macdonald, “High technology policy and the Silicon Valley model: An Australian perspective”, Prometheus, 1, 2, December 1983, pp. 330–49.
Tatsuno, op. cit., p. 199.
Nishioka and Takeuchi, op. cit., p. 288.
For details on the individual Technopolis Regions see Tatsuno, op. cit., Chapters 7 and 8, and Appendix P.
ibid., p. xv.
That is, industrial growth in the form of next generation knowledge-based activities. See Neil W. Davis, “MITI's Technopolis project”, Japan Marketing/Advertising, 2, 2, Spring 1984, pp. 40–41.
Tatsuno, op. cit., p. 47.
ibid., p. 74.
Nishioka and Takeuchi, op. cit., p. 290.
Tatsuno, op. cit., p. 226.
For discussion of this point, see Macdonald, op. cit.; G. P. Sweeney, Innovation, Entrepreneurs and Regional Development, Frances Pinter, London, 1987; C. G. Sandford, “Action on infrastructure to strengthen the technology/business link in Queensland”, Draft Discussion Paper for Selected Business/Industry Leaders, Premier's Department, July, 1987.
Tatsuno, op. cit., p. 122.
Edward Blakeley in association with Cameron McNamara (consultants), Infrastructure for Technology and Innovation, Stage 1 Report, Victorian Department of Industry, Technology and Resources, Melbourne, February 1987, p. 42.
ibid.
See Thomas Mandeville, “The spatial effects of information technology — some literature”, Futures, 15, 1, February, 1983, pp. 65–72.
Tatsuno, op. cit., p. 70.
Blakely, op. cit., p. 42.
Tatsuno, op. cit., p. vxi. The process of innovation is explored in depth from an information economics perspective in Thomas Mandeville, Information, Innovation and the Patent System, forthcoming.
ibid., p. 35. To some extent this new policy approach is similar to the indirect ‘market facilitation’ concept advanced in Queensland's State Development Strategy. Such indirect market facilitation may be contrasted to the more traditional direct government intervention approach. For discussion see J. D. Craig, “Technological Development in Queensland — A Possible Position Paper”, Premier's Department, Brisbane, April, 1987.
Tatsuno, op. cit., p. 125.
ibid., p. 126.
ibid., pp. 131–7.
ibid., p. 123.
ibid., pp. 131–7.
Strategies adopted by various technopolises in this regard are discussed in Hitoshi Okuhira, “Prefectures attempt to obtain talented people to revitalize local industries”, Computopia, 19, 230, November 1985, pp. 162–5.
T. Toda, “The location of high-technology industry and the Technopolis plan in Japan”, in John F. Brotchie, Peter Hall and Peter W. Newton (eds.), The Spatial Impact of Technological Change, Croom Helm, London, 1987, pp. 271–83.
Tatsuno, op. cit., p. 136.
ibid., p. 200.
ibid., p. 201.
Robert Poe, “Japan fosters technology strongholds”, High Technology, 6, 6, June, 1986, pp. 64–5.
Tatsuno, op. cit., p. 214.
E.g., see Ernest Braun and Stuart Macdonald, Revolution in Miniature — The History and Impact of Semiconductor Electronics, 2nd edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1982.
Tatsuno, op. cit., p. 131.
E.g., see Mandeville, op. cit., forthcoming; Stuart Macdonald, “High technology industry in Australia: A matter of policy”, in Breheny and McQuaid, op. cit., 1987, pp. 223–61.
See Thomas Mandeville, “The spatial effects of information technology”, op. cit.; Nishioka and Takeuchi, op. cit., p. 289.
E.g., Mandeville, op. cit., forthcoming; D. J. Teece, “Technology transfer by multinational firms: the resource cost of transferring technological knowhow”, Economic Journal, 87, 346, June, 1977, pp. 242-61; Braun & Macdonald, op. cit.
Toda, op. cit., p. 275.
P. Nijkamp and A. Mouwen, “Knowledge Centres, Information Diffusion and Regional Development”, in Brotchie, Hall and Newton, op. cit., 1987, pp. 254–270.
Thomas Mandeville, “The Information Economy -- An International Comparison”, in T. Barr (ed.) Choices, Challenges and Change: Australia's Information Society, Melbourne, Oxford Univresity Press, 1987.
MITI, personal communication, Canberra, July 1987.
MITI, op. cit., 1987.
Leisure Development Office, Industrial Policy Bureau, MITI, “On the Relationship between MFP and Technopolis”, personal communication, August 1987.
DITAC, personal communication, Canberra, July 1987.
Japan Secretariat, personal communication, Canberra, July 1987.
MITI, op. cit., 1987, p. 4.
Such a strategy provides a way around the increased reluctance by the Americans to share advanced technology with Japan. See Tatsuno, op. cit., 1986, pp. 42–46.
MITI, op. cit., p. 10.
Alan Rix, Coming to Terms — The Politics of Australia's Trade with Japan 1945-57, Allen & Unwin, Sydney, 1986.
Japan Secretariat, “Technological Co-operation between Australia & Japan: Institutional Aspects”, Canberra, November 1986.
Alan Rix, personal communication, August, 1987.
E.g., Co-ordinator-General, Queensland, “Multi-Function-Polis Draft Discussion Paper”, Brisbane, July 20, 1987; DITAC, personal communication, July, 1987.
Chalmers Johnson, MITI and the Japanese Miracle — The Growth of Industrial Policy, 1925-1975, Stanford University Press, Stanford, Calif., 1982.
Leisure Development Office, Industrial Policy Bureau, MITI, op. cit.