Revolutionary Cuba has been a fixture in the international media for decades. Topics that made headlines around the globe have included Fidel Castro's death, US–Cuba relations, visits to Havana by the Pope, Cuba's international medical missions, and economic changes under Raúl Castro. One topic, however, which has been crucial to human development in contemporary Cuba, has received comparatively little media attention – sexual diversity (LGBT) rights. This study examines articles that focus on sexual diversity rights published from among the most popular news outlets of the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada. Two fundamental questions are addressed: what is the international media's perception of sexual diversity rights in Cuba? And what does this suggest about the overall understanding of the Revolution?
Associated Press (9 May, 2015) “‘Castros” Daughter Sponsors Blessing of Cuban Gay Couples’. Daily Mail . Available at http://www.dailymail.co.uk/wires/ap/article-3074996/Castros-daughter-sponsors-blessing-Cuban-gay-couples.html. (Accessed 20 October 2016.)
Barnard, Linda (25 November, 2015) ‘Five Questions with LGBT Activist Mariela Castro Espin’. Toronto Star . Available at https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2015/11/25/five-questions-with-lgbt-activist-mariela-castro-espin.html. (Accessed 20 November 2016.)
Castro, Raúl (29 January, 2012) ‘Discurso de Raúl Castro: “El rumbo ya ha sido trazado”’ Cubadebate . Available at http://www.cubadebate.cu/opinion/2012/01/29/discurso-deraul-castro-en-la-primera-conferencia-nacional-del-pcc/#.U8PnAc3A3JF. (Accessed 22 June 2014.)
Castro Espín, Mariela (2011) ‘A Cuban Policy Approach to Sex Education’. Cuban Studies 42:23–34.
Castro Espín, Mariela (2013) Interview with Emily J. Kirk, January 30, Havana.
Cubadebate (14 October, 2011) ‘Proyecto de documento base de la primera conferencia nacional del Partido Communista de Cuba’. Available at http://www.cubadebate.cu/noticias/2011/10/14/descargue-proyecto-de-documento-que-discutirá-conferencia-nacional-del-particdo-pdf/. (Accessed 6 May 2017.)
Cubadebate (2016) ‘Congreso PCC. Conceptualización del modelo económico y social cubano de desarrollo socialista’. n.d. Available at http://www.cubadebate.cu/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Copia-para-el-Sitio-Web.pdf. (Accessed 19 March 2017.)
Guerra, Alberto (2011) ‘Sexual Diversity in Revolutionary Times, 1959–2009’. Cuban Studies 42: 218–26.
Hall, John (19 August, 2014) ‘You Can Say No, So Long as Your Name's Castro: Fidel's Niece Mariela Becomes “First Ever Person to Say ‘No’ Vote in Cuban Parliament”.’ Daily Mail . Available at http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2728914/You-say-no-long-names-Castro-Fidels-niece-Mariela-person-no-vote-Cuban-parliament.html. (Accessed 20 November 2016.)
Kapcia, Antoni (2008) Cuba in Revolution: A History Since the Fifties . London: Reaktion Books.
Kapcia, Antoni (17 November, 2016) ‘Interview: Antoni Kapcia’. E-International Relations . Available at http://www.e-ir.info/2016/11/17/interview-antoni-kapcia/. (Accessed 6 May 2017.)
Karlin, Rick (15 February, 2016) ‘Pro Progress: Cuba Shines as a LGBT-Friendly Travel Destination’. Miami Herald . Available at http://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/gay-south-florida/palette-magazine/article60057586.html. (Accessed 20 November 2016.)
Kirk, Emily J. (2011) ‘Setting the Agenda for Cuban Sexuality: The Role of Cuba's CENESEX’. Canadian Journal for Latin American Studies 36 (72): 143–64.
Kirk, Emily J. (2015) ‘The Changing Dynamics of Sexuality: CENESEX and the Revolution’, in Phillip Brenner, Marguerite Rose Jiménez, John M. Kirk and William M. Leogrande (eds.) A Contemporary Cuba Reader: The Revolution under Raúl Castro , 433–40. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
Madero, Abel Sierra (2016) ‘Lo de las UMAP fue un trabajo “top secret”: Entrevista a la Dra. María Elena Solé Arrondo’. Cuban Studies 44: 357–66.
Mazzei, Patricia (17 May, 2012) ‘Marco Rubio Calls Decision to Grant Raul Castro's Daughter a U.S. Visa “Outrageous”.’ Miami Herald . http://miamiherald.typepad.com/nakedpolitics/2012/05/marco-rubio-calls-decision-to-grant-raul-castros-daughter-a-us-visa-outrageous.html. (Accessed 20 November 2016).
McLuhan, Marshall (1964) Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man . New York: McGraw-Hill.
Mis, Magdalena (15 March, 2016) ‘Lesbian Hip-Hop Duo from Havana Fights Homophobia with Music’. Daily Mail . Available at http://www.dailymail.co.uk/wires/reuters/article-3493165/Lesbian-hip-hop-duo-Havana-fights-homophobia-music.html (Accessed 20 September 2016.)
Pacheco, Alessandra (4 November, 2015) “‘TransCuba” Photo Exhibit in Miami Documents Cuba's Transgender Movement’. Miami Herald . Available at http://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/gay-south-florida/article42957822.html. (Accessed 20 November 2016.)
Reuters (31 August, 2010) ‘Fidel Castro Takes Blame for 1960s Gay Persecution’. Available at http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/08/31/us-Cuba-castro-idUSTRE67U4JE20100831. (Accessed 1 November 2011.)
Rodriguez, Andrea (17 May, 2012) ‘Raúl Castro's Daughter, Mariela Castro, Receives Visa to Attend Conference in San Francisco’. Toronto Star . Available at http://www. thestar.com/news/world/article/1180281–cuban-president-raul-castro-s-daughter-mariela-castro-receives-u-s-visa-to-attend-conference-in-san-francisco (Accessed 18 May 2016.)
Tepper, Sean (27 June, 2014) ‘Raúl Castro's Daughter Takes Pride in Cuba’. Available at http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/toronto/raoul-castros-daughter-takes-pride-in-cuba/article19383461/ (Accessed October 10, 2016.)
Tomayo, Juan (18 May, 2012) ‘US Visa to Mariela Castro Sparks Angry complaints’. Miami Herald . Available at http://www.miamiherald.com/2012/05/17/2803924/us-visa-to-mariela-castro-sparks.html#storylink=cpy. (Accessed 21 May 2015.)
Trotta, Daniel (9 May, 2015) ‘Cuban Gays Show Pride in March and Mass Symbolic Wedding’. Daily Mail . http://www.dailymail.co.uk/wires/reuters/article-3075011/Cuban-gays-pride-march-mass-symbolic-wedding.html. (Accessed 4 September 2016.)