Axis of Resistance: Democracy and the P2P Technologies of Cyberspace

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Journal of Global Faultlines

Volume 1, Issue 1

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Axis of Resistance: Democracy and the P2P Technologies of Cyberspace

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Author(s): Darrell Whitman , Toya Milano

Publication date (Print): September 2013

Journal: Journal of Global Faultlines

Publisher: Pluto Journals

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Author and article information

Contributors

Darrell Whitman

Toya Milano

Journal

Journal ID (doi): 10.13169

Journal ID (publisher-id): jglobfaul

Title: Journal of Global Faultlines

Publisher: Pluto Journals

ISSN (Print): 23977825

ISSN (Electronic): 20542089

Publication date (Print): September 2013

Volume: 1

Issue: 1

Pages: 136-150

Affiliations

Independent scholar and community activist living and working in the San Francisco area.. E-mail: whitmandarrell45@ 123456gmail.com

Communications technology specialist and political activist who is also living and working in the San Francisco area

Article

Publisher ID: jglobfaul.1.1.0136

DOI: 10.13169/jglobfaul.1.1.0136

SO-VID: c5fef0e1-ea19-4c06-b4ba-826cf405cbb5

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All content is freely available without charge to users or their institutions. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission of the publisher or the author. Articles published in the journal are distributed under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Social & Behavioral Sciences

References

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Anonymous (2013) Your Anonymous News on Twitter . Available at: <https://twitter.com/YourAnonNews> [accessed September 2013].
Ball, J., Borger, J., and Greenwald, G. (2013) ‘Revealed: how U.S. and U.K. spy agencies defeat internet privacy and security’, The Guardian , [internet] 5 September. Available at: <http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/05/nsa-gchq-encryption-codes-security> [accessed September 2013].
Buterin, V. (2012) “Bitcoin Introduction – General”. Bitcoin Magazine , [internet] 2 March. Available at: <http://bitcoinmagazine.com/413/bitcoin-introduction-general-2/> [accessed September 2013].
Buterin, V. (2013) ‘FINCEN: Bitcoin Users Not Regulated, Exchanges Are’, Bitcoin Magazine , [internet] 19 March. Available at: <http://bitcoinmagazine.com/fincen-bitcoin-users-not-regulated-exchanges-are/> [accessed September 2013].
Castells, M. (2012) Networks of Outrage and Hope: Social Movements in the Internet Age . Somerset, NJ: Polity Press.
Clark, R. A. (2012) Cyber War , New York: Ecco.
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Gellman, B. and Nakashima, Ellen. 2013, “US spy agencies mounted 231 offensive cyber-operations in 2011, documents show”, The Washington Post [internet] 16 August. Available at: <http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/us-spy-agencies-mounted-231-offensive-cyber-operations-in-2011-documents-show/2013/08/30/d090a6ae-119e-11e3-b4cb-fd7ce041d814_story.html> [accessed September 2013].
Goldman, D. (2013) ‘Nations Prepare for Cyber Warfare’, CNN MoneyTech , [internet] 7 January. Available at: <http://money.cnn.com/2013/01/07/technology/security/cyber-war/index.html>[accessed September 2013].
Hosenball, M., and Zengerle, P. (2013) ‘Cyber attacks are leading threat against US: spy agencies’, NBC News , [internet] 12 March. Available at: <http://www.nbcnews.com/technology/cyber-attacks-are-leading-threat-against-us-spy-agencies-1C8830308> [accessed September 2013].
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Kirkhope, T. (2012) ‘How the internet is transforming democracy’, The Independent , [internet] 12 December. Available at: <http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/comment/how-the-internet-is-transforming-democracy-8411474.html> [accessed September 2013].
Ludlow, P. (2010) ‘WikiLeaks and Hacktivist Culture’. The Nation , [internet] 15 September. Available at: <http://www.thenation.com/article/154780/wikileaks-and-hacktivist-culture#axzz2fHW0NWwX> [accessed September 2013].
May, T. C., (1992) The Crypto Anarchist Manifesto .[Online] Available at: <http://www.activism.net/cypherpunk/crypto-anarchy.html>[accessed September 2013].
McChesney, R. (1999) Rich Media, Poor Democracy . New York: The New Press.
McChesney. R. (2013) Digital Disconnect: How Capitalism is Turning the Internet Against Democracy , New York: The New Press.
Ricardo, D. (1821) On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation . Charleston, S.C.: Nabu Press.
Schollmeier, R. (2002) ‘A Definition of Peer-to-Peer Networking for the Classification of Peer-to-Peer Architectures and Applications’, Proceedings of the First International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing . Detroit: MI IEEE.
Sengupta, S. (2013) ‘Outburst Highlights Conundrum for Twitter’, The New York Times , [internet] 16 September. Available at: <http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/09/16/outburst-highlights-conundrum-for-twitter/?ref=twitter&_r=0>[accessed September 2013].
Swartz, J. (2013) Internet activist and creator of RSS, is dead at 26, an apparent suicide, The New York Times , [internet] 12 January. Available at: <http://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/13/technology/aaron-swartz-internet-activist-dies-at-26.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0> [accessed September 2013].
Taaki, A. (2013) ‘Financial Freedom versus the Stability-Stagnation-Surveillance State’, Center for a Stateless Society 24 June. Available at <http://c4ss.org/content/19957> [accessed September 2013]. The Miller Center (2013), Internet and Democracy . [Online] Available at: <http://millercenter.org/debates/internet> [accessed September 2013].
Wikipedia (2013) Twitter . [Online]. Available at <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twitter>[accessed September 2013].
Winter, A. (2013) ‘How Napster Changed the World’. Huffington Post Live . [Online] Available at: <http://live.huffingtonpost.com/#r/segment/how-napster-changed-the-world/5231dc6c78c90a120b000442> [accessed September 2013].

Comments

Comment on this article

[1] Abrams, F. and Benkler, Y. (2013) ‘Death to Whistleblowers?’, The New York Times , [internet] 13 Mar. Available at: <http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/14/opinion/the-impact-of-the-bradley-manning-case.html> [accessed September 2013].

[2] Anonymous (2013) Your Anonymous News on Twitter . Available at: <https://twitter.com/YourAnonNews> [accessed September 2013].

[3] Ball, J., Borger, J., and Greenwald, G. (2013) ‘Revealed: how U.S. and U.K. spy agencies defeat internet privacy and security’, The Guardian , [internet] 5 September. Available at: <http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/05/nsa-gchq-encryption-codes-security> [accessed September 2013].

[4] Buterin, V. (2012) “Bitcoin Introduction – General”. Bitcoin Magazine , [internet] 2 March. Available at: <http://bitcoinmagazine.com/413/bitcoin-introduction-general-2/> [accessed September 2013].

[5] Buterin, V. (2013) ‘FINCEN: Bitcoin Users Not Regulated, Exchanges Are’, Bitcoin Magazine , [internet] 19 March. Available at: <http://bitcoinmagazine.com/fincen-bitcoin-users-not-regulated-exchanges-are/> [accessed September 2013].

[6] Castells, M. (2012) Networks of Outrage and Hope: Social Movements in the Internet Age . Somerset, NJ: Polity Press.

[7] Clark, R. A. (2012) Cyber War , New York: Ecco.

[8] Fuller, N. (2013), ‘In her own words’, PVT Manning Support Network , [internet] 27 August. Available at: <http://www.privatemanning.org/learn-more/in-his-own-words> [accessed September 2013].

[9] Gellman, B. and Nakashima, Ellen. 2013, “US spy agencies mounted 231 offensive cyber-operations in 2011, documents show”, The Washington Post [internet] 16 August. Available at: <http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/us-spy-agencies-mounted-231-offensive-cyber-operations-in-2011-documents-show/2013/08/30/d090a6ae-119e-11e3-b4cb-fd7ce041d814_story.html> [accessed September 2013].

[10] Goldman, D. (2013) ‘Nations Prepare for Cyber Warfare’, CNN MoneyTech , [internet] 7 January. Available at: <http://money.cnn.com/2013/01/07/technology/security/cyber-war/index.html>[accessed September 2013].

[11] Hosenball, M., and Zengerle, P. (2013) ‘Cyber attacks are leading threat against US: spy agencies’, NBC News , [internet] 12 March. Available at: <http://www.nbcnews.com/technology/cyber-attacks-are-leading-threat-against-us-spy-agencies-1C8830308> [accessed September 2013].

[12] Internet Society (2013) Brief History of the Internet . [Online] Available at: <http://www.internetsociety.org/internet/what-internet/history-internet/brief-history-internet#Origins>[accessed September 2013].

[13] Kirkhope, T. (2012) ‘How the internet is transforming democracy’, The Independent , [internet] 12 December. Available at: <http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/comment/how-the-internet-is-transforming-democracy-8411474.html> [accessed September 2013].

[14] Ludlow, P. (2010) ‘WikiLeaks and Hacktivist Culture’. The Nation , [internet] 15 September. Available at: <http://www.thenation.com/article/154780/wikileaks-and-hacktivist-culture#axzz2fHW0NWwX> [accessed September 2013].

[15] May, T. C., (1992) The Crypto Anarchist Manifesto .[Online] Available at: <http://www.activism.net/cypherpunk/crypto-anarchy.html>[accessed September 2013].

[16] McChesney, R. (1999) Rich Media, Poor Democracy . New York: The New Press.

[17] McChesney. R. (2013) Digital Disconnect: How Capitalism is Turning the Internet Against Democracy , New York: The New Press.

[18] Ricardo, D. (1821) On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation . Charleston, S.C.: Nabu Press.

[19] Schollmeier, R. (2002) ‘A Definition of Peer-to-Peer Networking for the Classification of Peer-to-Peer Architectures and Applications’, Proceedings of the First International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing . Detroit: MI IEEE.

[20] Sengupta, S. (2013) ‘Outburst Highlights Conundrum for Twitter’, The New York Times , [internet] 16 September. Available at: <http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/09/16/outburst-highlights-conundrum-for-twitter/?ref=twitter&_r=0>[accessed September 2013].

[21] Swartz, J. (2013) Internet activist and creator of RSS, is dead at 26, an apparent suicide, The New York Times , [internet] 12 January. Available at: <http://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/13/technology/aaron-swartz-internet-activist-dies-at-26.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0> [accessed September 2013].

[22] Taaki, A. (2013) ‘Financial Freedom versus the Stability-Stagnation-Surveillance State’, Center for a Stateless Society 24 June. Available at <http://c4ss.org/content/19957> [accessed September 2013]. The Miller Center (2013), Internet and Democracy . [Online] Available at: <http://millercenter.org/debates/internet> [accessed September 2013].

[23] Wikipedia (2013) Twitter . [Online]. Available at <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twitter>[accessed September 2013].

[24] Winter, A. (2013) ‘How Napster Changed the World’. Huffington Post Live . [Online] Available at: <http://live.huffingtonpost.com/#r/segment/how-napster-changed-the-world/5231dc6c78c90a120b000442> [accessed September 2013].