For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
1,877
views
29
references
 Top references
cited by
1
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    1
    shares
      183
      similar
       All similar

      If you have found this article useful and you think it is important that researchers across the world have access, please consider donating, to ensure that this valuable collection remains Open Access.

      Journal of Global Faultlines is published by Pluto Journals, an Open Access publisher. This means that everyone has free and unlimited access to the full-text of all articles from our international collection of social science journals. Furthermore Pluto Journals authors don’t pay article processing charges (APCs).

      scite_

      Journal of Global Faultlines

      Volume 8, Issue 1
       
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Is there a relationship between right-wing populism and radicalisation to Islamic extremism in the UK and, if so, what is the nature of this relationship?

      research-article
      Author(s):
      Publication date (Print):
      Journal: Journal of Global Faultlines
      Publisher: Pluto Journals
      Bookmark

            Abstract

            This paper examines the nature of the relationship between right-wing populism and radicalisation to Islamic extremism in the UK. Through the critical analysis of themes and commonalities within existing literature on both individual fields, it is shown that there exists a relationship between the two phenomena, though this relationship has many intricacies. This paper argues that right-wing populism, along with counter-terrorism policy and the media, construct an anti-Muslim narrative, which fosters discrimination and, ultimately, leads to the social exclusion of Muslim suspect communities, a known cause of radicalisation. This research further reveals that this relationship, while significant, is not causal, using cumulative extremism to explain its multidirectional nature. Drawing attention to the relationship between right-wing populism and radicalisation opens up a new approach to understanding the impact current UK politics and the media have on the issue of “homegrown” terrorism. This paper aims to promote engagement with the question of how, as a society, we can implement more effective and less discriminative counter-terrorism policy, as well as become more aware of the impact of the media.

            Content

            Author and article information

            Contributors
            Taryn Thompson
            Journal
            Journal ID (doi): 10.2307/j50018794
            Journal ID (jcode): jglobfaul
            Title: Journal of Global Faultlines
            Publisher: Pluto Journals
            ISSN: 2397-7825
            ISSN: 2054-2089
            Publication date (Print): 1 May 2021
            Volume: 8
            Issue: 1 ( doiID: 10.13169/jglobfaul.8.issue-1 )
            Pages: 34-49
            Affiliations
            Taryn Thompson is a Criminology and Security Studies graduate of Birmingham City University. tarynt109@ 123456gmail.com
            Article
            Publisher ID: jglobfaul.8.1.0034
            DOI: 10.13169/jglobfaul.8.1.0034
            SO-VID: c216244a-1bfe-4a81-bea6-0a400de81943
            Copyright © This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
            License:

            All content is freely available without charge to users or their institutions. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission of the publisher or the author. Articles published in the journal are distributed under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

            History
            Custom metadata
            lang eng

            ScienceOpen disciplines: Social & Behavioral Sciences

            Bibliography

            1. Akkerman, T. (2012) Comparing Radical Right Parties in Government: Immigration and Integration Policies in Nine Countries (1996–2010). West European Politics, 35(3). Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01402382.2012.665738 [Accessed: 24 Oct 2019].

            2. Awan, A., Hoskins, A. and O'Loughlin, B. (2011) Radicalisation and the Media: Connectivity and Terrorism in the New Media Ecology. Oxon: Routledge.

            3. Awan, I. (2012) “I'm a Muslim Not an Extremist:” How Prevent Strategy Has Constructed a “Suspect” Community. Politics and Policy, 40(6), pp.1158–1185.

            4. Backes, U. and Moreau, P., eds (2012) The Extreme Right in Europe: Current Trends and Perspectives. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht.

            5. Baker, P. (2019) “We the people”: the battle to define populism. The Guardian, 10 January. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/news/2019/jan/10/we-the-people-the-battle-to-define-populism [Accessed: 27 Nov 2019].

            6. BBC News (2019) Facebook will not fact-check politicians. BBC News, 25 September. Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-49827375 [Accessed: 10 March 2020].

            7. Beckett, A. (2019) Britain was complacent about the far-right. Now it's out in force. The Guardian, 5 October. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/oct/05/britain-far-right-oswald-mosley-bbc-platform [Accessed: 19 Nov 2019].

            8. Beland, D. (2019) Right-Wing Populism and the Politics of Insecurity: How President Trump Frames Migrants as Collective Threats. Political Studies Review, 18(2), pp.162–177.

            9. Betz, H. (1994) Radical Right-wing Populism in Western Europe. Hampshire: The Macmillan Press.

            10. Blakemore, B. and Awan, I. (2013) Extremism, Counter-terrorism and Policing. [ebook] Surrey: Ashgate Publishing.

            11. Borger, J. (2021) Insurrection Day: when white supremacist power came to the US Capitol. The Guardian, 9 January. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jan/09/us-capitol-insurrection-white-supremacist-terror [Accessed: 18 Jan 2021].

            12. Campelo, N., Oppetit, A., Neau, F., Cohen, D. and Bronsard, G. (2018) Who are the European youths willing to engage in radicalisation? A multidisciplinary review of their psychological and social profiles. European Psychiatry, 52, pp.1–14.

            13. Carter, A. (2020) Cumulative Extremism: A Comparative Historical Analysis. [ebook] Oxon: Routledge.

            14. Choudhury, T. (2005) Muslims in the UK: Policies for Engaged Citizens. Budapest: Open Society Institute.

            15. Choudhury, T. and Fenwick, H. (2011) The impact of counter-terrorism measures on the Muslim community. International Review of Law, Computers and Technology, 25(3), pp.151–181.

            16. Crenshaw, M. (2011) Explaining Terrorism: Causes, processes and consequences. Oxon: Routledge.

            17. Crone, M. (2016) Radicalisation revisited: violence, politics and the skills of the body. International Affairs, 92(3), pp.587–604.

            18. Eatwell, R. (2006) Community Cohesion and Cumulative Extremism in Contemporary Britain. The Political Quarterly, 77(2).

            19. Feldman, M. (2012) From Radical-Right Islamophobia to “Cumulative Extremism”: A Paper on the Shifting Focus of Hatred [pdf]. London: Faith Matters. Available at: http://faith-matters.org/images/pdf/islamophobia.pdf [Accessed: 23 March 2020].

            20. Freedman, D. and Cameron, D. (2019) Media bias is a gift to the Conservatives. The Guardian, 1 December. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/media/2019/dec/01/media-bias-is-a-gift-to-the-conservatives [Accessed: 10 March 2020].

            21. Freedman, L. (2007) Terrorism as a Strategy. Government and Opposition, 42(3), pp.314–339.

            22. Gagliardone, I., Gal, D., Alves, T. and Martinez, G. (2015) Countering Online Hate Speech. [ebook]. Paris: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation [UNESCO].

            23. Gambino, L. (2021) Donald Trump impeached a second time over mob attack at US capitol. The Guardian, 13 January. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jan/13/trump-impeached-again-president-history-capitol-attack [Accessed: 18 Jan 2021].

            24. Gill, P., Corner, E., Conway, M., Thornton, A., Bloom, M. and Horgan, J. (2017) Terrorist Use of the Internet by the Numbers: Quantifying Behaviours, Patterns and Processes. Criminology and Public Policy, 16(1), pp.99–117.

            25. Gough, J. (2017) Brexit, xenophobia and left strategy now. Capital and Class, 41(2), pp.366–372.

            26. Greven, T. (2016) The Rise of Right-wing Populism in Europe and the United States: A Comparative Perspective. Friedrich Ebert Stiftung. Available at: https://library.fes.de/pdf-files/id/12892.pdf [Accessed: 16 Oct 2019].

            27. Hargreaves, J. (2018) Towards a Cure for Prevent? Building Resilience to Religious and Political Forms of Violence within British Muslim Communities. Journal of Muslims in Europe, 7: pp. 190–210. Available at: https://www.woolf.cam.ac.uk/assets/file-downloads/Hargreaves-2018-Towards-a-cure-for-Prevent-JOME.pdf [Accessed: 26 Feb 2020].

            28. Hjarvard, S. (2008) The Mediatization of Society: A Theory of the Media as Agents of Social and Cultural Change. Nordicom Review, 29: pp. 105–134.

            29. HM Government (2011) Prevent Strategy. London: The Stationary Office.

            30. Home Office (2019) Hate Crime, England and Wales, 2018/19. London: Home Office.

            31. Hoskins, A. and O'Loughlin, B. (2009) Media and the myth of radicalisation. Media, War and Conflict, 2(2): 107–110.

            32. Jenkins, S. (2019) This election will be all about identity, not money. And the Tories know it. The Guardian, 28 November. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/nov/28/election-identity-money-tories-labour-public-spending [Accessed: 28 Nov 2019].

            33. Jones, S. G., Doxsee, C. and Harrington, N. (2020) The Escalating Terrorism Problem in the United States. Washington D.C.: Centre for Strategic and International Studies [CSIS]. Available at: https://csis-website-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/publication/200612_Jones_DomesticTerrorism_v6.pdf [Accessed: 22 Jan 2021].

            34. Kaplan, J. and Weinberg, L. (1998) The Emergence of a Euro-American Radical Right. London: Rutgers University Press.

            35. Law, R. (2016) Terrorism: A History. 2nd end. Cambridge: Polity Press.

            36. Lazaridis, G., ed. (2016) Security, Insecurity and Migration in Europe. [ebook] Oxon: Routledge.

            37. Loomba, A. (1998) Colonialism/Postcolonialism. [ebook]. London: Routledge.

            38. Macdonald, S. and Mair, D. (2015) Terrorism Online: A New Strategic Environment. In: Jarvis, L., Macdonald, S. and Chen, T. M, eds. Terrorism Online: Politics, Law and Technology. [ebook] Oxon: Routledge, pp. 10–34.

            39. McGovern, M. (2017) The university, Prevent and cultures of compliance. Critical Studies in Innovation, 34(1): pp. 49–62.

            40. McGuiness, A. (2017) Britain's year of terror: Timeline of attacks in 2017. Sky News, 15 September. Available at: https://news.sky.com/story/britains-year-of-terror-timeline-of-attacks-in-2017-11036824 [Accessed: 18 March 2020].

            41. Mondon, A. and Winter, A. (2017) Articulations of Islamophobia: from the extreme to the mainstream? Ethnic and Racial Studies, 40(13): pp. 2151–2179.

            42. Muis, J. and Immerzeel, T. (2017) Causes and consequences of the rise of populist radical right parties and movements in Europe. Current Sociology Review, 65(6): pp. 909–930.

            43. Murphy, S. (2019) Sayeeda Warsi on Tory Islamophobia: “It feels like I'm in an abusive relationship”. The Guardian, 27 November. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/nov/27/sayeeda-warsi-tory-islamophobia-muslim-prejudice-investigation [Accessed: 27 Nov 2019].

            44. Niayesh, V. (2019) Trump's travel ban really was a Muslim ban, data suggests. The Washington Post, 26 September. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/09/26/trumps-muslim-ban-really-was-muslim-ban-thats-what-data-suggest/ [Accessed: 26 Nov 2019].

            45. Neumann, P. (2013) The trouble with radicalization. International Affairs, 89(4), pp.873–893.

            46. Neuman, W. L. (2014) Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. 7th edn. [ebook] Essex: Pearson Education Limited.

            47. Ofcom (2019) News Consumption in the UK: 2019. London: Jigsaw Research. Available at: https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0027/157914/uk-news-consumption-2019-report.pdf [Accessed: 5 Feb 2020].

            48. Pargeter, A. (2008) The New Frontiers of Jihad: Radical Islam in Europe. London: I.B. Tauris.

            49. Pearce, K. L. (1977) Police Negotiations: A new role for the community psychiatrist. Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal, 22(4), pp.171–175.

            50. Phillips, M. (2007) Londonistan: How Britain is Creating a Terror State Within. London: Gibson Square.

            51. Ragazzi, F. (2016) Suspect community or suspect category? The impact of counter-terrorism as “policed multiculturalism”. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 42(5), pp.724–741.

            52. Ritchie, H., Hasell, J., Appel, C. and Roser, M. (2019) Terrorism. [ebook] Available at: https://ourworldindata.org/terrorism [Accessed: 18 March 2020].

            53. Rydgren, J. (2005) Movements of Exclusion: Radical Right-wing Populism in the Western World. New York: Nova Science Publishers.

            54. Said, E. (1977) Orientalism. [ebook] London: Penguin Group.

            55. Sengupta, K. (2020) Violent right-wing extremism is a “major threat” in the UK, MI5 boss says. The Independent, 15 October. Available at: https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/right-wing-extremism-terrorism-violence-uk-mi5-ken-mccallum-b1039501.html [Accessed: 18 Jan 2021].

            56. Siddiqui, S. (2018) Anti-Muslim rhetoric “widespread” among candidates in Trump era – report. The Guardian, 22 October. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/oct/22/anti-muslim-rhetoric-widespread-among-candidates-trump-era [Accessed: 26 Nov 2019].

            57. Silke, A. (2019) Routledge Handbook of Terrorism and Counterterrorism. [ebook] Oxon: Routledge.

            58. Stewart, H. and Mason, R. (2016) Nigel Farage's anti-migrant poster reported to police. The Guardian, 16 June. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/jun/16/nigel-farage-defends-ukip-breaking-point-poster-queue-of-migrants [Accessed: 19 Nov 2019].

            59. Stone, J. (2019) British newspapers heap positive coverage on Tories while trashing Labour, study finds. The Independent, 19 November. Available at: https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/general-election-british-uk-media-news-bias-tories-labour-a9209026.html [Accessed: 10 March 2020].

            60. The Economist (2019) Right-wing populist parties are polling well in Britain. The Economist, 15 April. Available at: https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2019/04/15/right-wing-populist-parties-are-polling-well-in-britain [Accessed: 19 Nov 2019].

            61. Tomlinson, J. (2001) Cultural Imperialism: A Critical Introduction. 3rd edn. [ebook] London: Continuum.

            62. Travis, A. (2017) Hate crime surged in England and Wales after terrorist attacks. The Guardian, 17 October. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/oct/17/hate-soars-in-england-and-wales [Accessed: 18 March 2020].

            63. Udeze, S. and Uzuegbunam, C. (2013) Sensationalism in the media: the right to sell or the right to tell? Journal of Communication and Media Research, 5(1), pp.69–78.

            64. Waters, R. and Murphy, H. (2021) Donald Trump, Twitter, and the messy fight over free speech. Financial Times, 15 January. Available at: https://www.ft.com/content/78a3ed8c-d930-4bf5-9f6e-1b6b4751090f [Accessed: 18 Jan 2021].

            65. Weaver, M., Booth, R. and Jacobs, B. (2017) Theresa May condemns Trump's retweets of UK far-right leader's anti-Muslim videos. The Guardian, 29 November. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/nov/29/trump-account-retweets-anti-muslim-videos-of-british-far-right-leader [Accessed: 26 Nov 2019].

            66. Winlow, S., Hall, S. and Treadwell, J. (2016) The Rise of the Right: English Nationalism and the Transformation of Working-Class Politics. [ebook] Bristol: Policy Press.

            67. Wodak, R. (2015) The Politics of Fear: What Right-wing Populist Discourses Mean. [ebook] London: Sage Publications.

            68. Young, R. J. C. (2016) Postcolonialism: An Historical Introduction. 2nd edn. [ebook] Sussex: John Wiley & Sons.

            Comments

            Comment on this article